Complementary split-ring resonator and strip-gap based metamaterial fractal antenna with miniature size and enhanced bandwidth for 5G applications

Abstract

This paper proposes two different types of metamaterial (MTM) antennas for fifth-generation (5G) mid-band frequency operation. The radiating patch of the proposed antenna is based on the combined Minkowski-Sierpinski carpet fractal structure. On the ground plane, two different types of MTM structures: Complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR), and Strip-gap are etched to enhance the overall bandwidth and gain of the antenna. The introduction of these structures on the ground plane also leads to antenna miniaturization. Both the proposed MTM structure based antennas resonate at 3.5GHz. The overall size of the two fabricated prototypes is 28×29.5 mm² / 28×28.5 mm², which shows the compactness of the proposed design by 43% / 42% as compared to the conventional microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The measured bandwidth/gain achieved by the proposed combined Minkowski-Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna (CMSFA) having CSRR MTM and strip-gap etched on the ground plane are 370 MHz / 2.42dBi and 440 MHz / 3.75dBi, respectively.

KEYWORDS:

• 5G
• metamaterial
• Minkowski fractal antenna
• Sierpinski fractal antenna
• CSRR
• strip-gap

The authors thank the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) for supporting the research work and Research Management Center (RMC), School of Postgraduate Studies (SPS) and School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, for the support of the research under grant nos. 4B533, 4B590 and 04G67/09G19/06G15.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia: [Grant Number 4B533, 4B590 and 04G67/09G19/06G15].