Investigation on tuning capabilities of self-diplexing antenna using different liquid dielectrics

Abstract

This article investigates the possibilities of frequency tuning of a Self-diplexing antenna (SDA) using different liquid dielectrics. Tuning analysis is carried out using the fluidic pockets introduced into the substrate by drilling blind vias starting at the bottom layer. To examine the frequency tuning, the pockets can be filled with either air, olive oil, transformer oil, acetone, or distilled water and sealed with copper tape. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna can be configured to operate in the 3.25 to 3.52 GHz and 4.5 to 5.04 GHz bands. The proposed SDA is designed and fabricated on a substrate of 1.575 mm thick Rogers 5880 (${ϵ}_r$ = 2.2 and tan δ = 0.0009). It is observed that frequency shift is more when using higher permittivity fluids. The proposed antenna model has competitive features such as simple design, compact size ($0.34{\lambda }_g^2$), better isolation (>30 dB), and fine-tuning, which makes it suitable for modern multiband and multifunctional gadgets. The simulated and measured circuit responses are in good agreement.

Keywords:

• Fluidic pockets
• liquid dielectric
• SDA
• tuning

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Mettu Goutham Reddy

Mettu Goutham Reddy received a BTech degree from Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, India, in 2018, and an MTech degree in Microwave and Radar Engineering from Osmania University, Hyderabad, India, in 2020. He worked as a design engineer in Defence Laboratories and Research Laboratories, Hyderabad, India (DLRL-DRDO) for six months. He is currently a research scholar in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India. He was selected as a Prime Minister’s Research Fellow in the May 2021 cycle. He has 4 conference proceedings and 1 SCI journal article. His current research interests include microwave integrated circuits, additive manufacturing of RF circuits, and Substrate Integrated Wave Guide Components for RF and Millimeter Wave Applications. Mr. Goutham is a Graduate Student Member of the IEEE Antenna Propagation Society (AP-S) and the Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S).

Nrusingha Charan Pradhan

Nrusingha Charan Pradhan received his BTech degree from Biju Pattanaik University of Technology, Odisha India, in 2013, an MTech degree in Electronics Engineering from Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India, in 2016, and a PhD degree from NIT, Trichy, India, in 2022. He was with the Integrated Test Range, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Chandipur, India (DRDO-ITR) for two years. He is currently a postdoctoral fellow with the Engineering Optimization and Modeling Center (EOMC), Department of Electrical Engineering, Reykjavik University, Iceland. He was the chairman of the IEEE MTT-S student branch chapter NIT, Trichy during 2019–2022. He has received several prestigious awards such as “Dr. C. J. Reddy Best Paper Award for Young Professionals” of WAMS NIT Rourkela 2022, Best Student Paper Competition WAMS-2022, Doctoral Colloquium Award WAMS-2022, Best IEEE Student Activity Award WAMS-2022, IEEE Madras Section’s Journal Publication Award-2021, Best Scholar Organizer Organized IMICPW-2019, of NIT Trichy, Best Paper Award, IMICPW-2019, Best Paper Award, ICCPCCT-2018 and “National Scholarship from Ministry of Human Resource Development” from the Government of India. His current research interests include microwave-integrated circuits and substrate-integrated wave guide components for millimeter wave applications. He has more than 18 publications in peer-reviewed SCI-Indexed International Journals (such as IEEE, RFCAD, MOTL JEMWA) and 10 conference Proceedings. He is the guest editor for the Sensors Journal. He is on the board of reviewers of several international journals of repute including IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE Access and IET Microwave, Antenna and Propagation, International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Wiley and MOTL. He is the TPC member of worldwide renewed conferences such as MAPCON-2022 and APMC-2022.

S. S. Karthikeyan

S. S. Karthikeyan received a PhD degree from IIT Guwahati, India, in 2011. He has 15 years of educational activity and research experience in RF and microwaves. He was on a Short-Term academic foreign visit U.K. and France. He is currently an associate professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India. He has authored or co-authored more than 120 scientific research papers and technical reports. His current research interests include Additive Manufacturing of RF Circuits and Antennas, Fluidically Reconfigurable Devices, RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer, SIW-based Circuits and Antennas, and Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSSs). He is a member of the IEEE, IEEE MTT-S, and IEEE AP-S. He is a Life Member of the ISTE. He is a faculty advisor of the IEEE MTT-S student branch chapter NIT, Tiruchirappalli and immediate past chair of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, Madras chapter. He has been a reviewer for many technical journals such as IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE MWTL, IEEE TCAS-II, IET Microwave, Antenna and Propagation, etc.