Comparative analysis of divergence of tipper imaging with natural and orthogonal electric sources

ABSTRACT

The divergence of the tipper (DT) is an important imaging method characterized by fast imaging speed and high lateral resolution. It has been recently adopted from the natural source airborne electromagnetic method to the orthogonal electric sources ground-airborne frequency-domain electromagnetic method. However, the imaging characteristics and patterns of DT in the two methods are unclear due to significant differences in the sources used. The application of DT in ground-airborne frequency-domain electromagnetic method is limited. Therefore, this study first identifies the similarities and differences between the two methods from the theory. Furthermore, based on the same simulation model, the response characteristics of the DT excited by natural and orthogonal electric sources are investigated. The similarities and differences between the two methods are clarified. It will contribute to the rapid development and application of the DT imaging in ground-airborne electromagnetic detection method.

KEYWORDS:

• Divergence of tipper
• natural sources
• orthogonal electric sources
• comparative analysis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request form the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China: [Grant Number 42174085 and 41904159] and Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province [Grant Number 20220101169JC].

Notes on contributors

Shengbao Yu

Shengbao Yu received the B.S. degree from the Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China, in 1985, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Jilin University, Changchun, China, in 2000 and 2007, respectively. He is currently a Professor and a Ph.D. Supervisor with Jilin University. His research interests include geo-exploration and instrumentation.

Hongwei Wang

Hongwei Wang received a bachelor's degree from Jilin University, Changchun, China, in 2021. He is currently pursuing the master’s degree with Jilin University, Changchun. His current research interests include tipper methods for semi-airborne electromagnetic surveys.

Changsheng Liu

Changsheng Liu received the B.Sc. degree from Central South University, Changsha, China, in 2003, and the Ph.D. degree from Jilin University, Changchun, China, in 2009. He is currently a Professor and a Vice President of the College of the Instrument and Electric Engineering, Jilin University. His current research interests include electromagnetic detection methods and apparatus. His current research interests include the theoretical analysis of ground to air electromagnetic methods for tilters

Ying Guo

Ying Guo received a bachelor's degree from Jilin University, Changchun, China, in 2022. She is currently pursuing the master’s degree with Jilin University, Changchun. Her current research interests include data handling methods for semi-airborne electromagnetic surveys.

Jinlin Huang

Jinlin Huang is currently pursuing the bachelor's degree with Jilin University, Changchun. His current research interests include electromagnetic methods for semi-airborne electromagnetic surveys.

Haigen Zhou

Haigen Zhou received the B.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from Jilin University, Changchun, China, in 2012 and 2017, respectively. He is currently an Associate Professor with Jilin University. His current research interests include electromagnetic detection instruments, methods, and apparatus.