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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Uveitis is an important cause of blindness and ocular morbidity in the world. The patterns of uveitis have not been well characterized in sub-Saharan Africa.
Purpose: To describe the characteristics of uveitis among patients presenting to Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology (JUDO) from July 2013 to December 2014.
Methods: This hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study included all new uveitis patients visiting JUDO outpatient department during the study period.
Results: Among 98 patients diagnosed with uveitis, anterior uveitis was found in 74.5% of patients. Majority of the patients, 83.7%, had unilateral uveitis. A uveitis syndrome was identified in 22.5% of cases; of these 15 (68.2%) were infectious. Herpes simplex uveitis was the commonest infectious cause (53.3%) while Toxoplasmosis was the most common cause of posterior uveitis (60%).
Conclusion: Anterior uveitis was the most common pattern found among uveitis patients. Herpes simplex and toxoplasmic chorioretinitis were the most common-identified infectious causes.
List of abbreviations
| AC: | = | Anterior Chamber |
| ANA: | = | Antinuclear Antibody |
| ARN: | = | Acute Retinal Necrosis |
| CBC: | = | Complete Blood Count |
| CMV: | = | cytomegalovirus |
| CRP: | = | C-reactive protein |
| CXR: | = | Chest X-ray |
| ELISA: | = | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| ERG: | = | Electroretinogram |
| ESR: | = | Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate |
| FFA: | = | Fundus fluorescein angiography |
| FTA-ABS: | = | Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test |
| ICG: | = | Indocyanine green |
| IOP: | = | Intra ocular pressure |
| IUSG/SUN: | = | International Uveitis Study Group/ Standardization of the Uveitis Nomenclature |
| JIA: | = | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis |
| JUDO: | = | Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology |
| JUMC: | = | Jimma University Medical Center |
| JUSH: | = | Jimma University Specialized Hospital |
| KP`s: | = | Keratic Precipitates |
| PCR: | = | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PORN: | = | Progressive Outer Retinal Necrosis |
| RD: | = | Retinal Detachment |
| RF: | = | Rheumatoid Factor |
| RPR: | = | Rapid Plasma Reagin |
| SLE: | = | Systemic Lupus Erythromatosis |
| TB: | = | Tuberculosis |
| TPPA: | = | Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay |
| VA: | = | visual acuity |
| VDRL: | = | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory |
| VH: | = | Van Herick |
| VKH: | = | Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome |
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology for their permission in doing this research and providing logistics to collect the data. Our sincerely thank goes to JUDO staff for their support in collecting the data.
Declaration of interest
None of the authors have any proprietary interests or conflicts of interest related to this submission.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The study was made in line with the tenets declaration of Helsinki. We obtained Ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board of Jimma University. Written informed consent was taken to confirm patient approval. For patients less than 18 years old, the written informed consent was taken from their parents or legal guardians. The patients` information was kept confidential. The study did not affect the management of the patient.
Availability of Data and Materials
All the supporting data are included as additional files as SPSS for Windows version 16.
Authors’ contributions
KTD contributed to the literature search, interview question design, data collection, data analysis and manuscript preparation for submission. AAM contributed to the literature search, data collection and manuscript preparation for submission. YGB conceptualized the study and contributed to the interview question design, data collection and manuscript write up. JHK contributed to the literature search and manuscript preparation for submission. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.