VKH with APECED in a Two-Year-Old Child: A Rare Concomitant Diagnosis in an Unprecedented Age

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To present a case of Vogt Koyanagi Harada (VKH) associated with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome (APECED) in a two-year-old.

Case Presentation

A two-year-old type 1 diabetic with hypothyroidism presented with impaired fixation. Ocular examination revealed right vitritis, choroiditis, a hyperemic disc, and an area of exudative detachment. At the same time, there was no fundus view in the left eye, and ultrasonographic assessment revealed vitritis and a thickened choroid. Patient developed sunset glow fundus with alopecia, poliosis and vitiligo and a diagnosis of complete VKH with APECED was made.

Conclusion

APECED is a rare endocrine disorder and has been reported to be associated with VKH twice. Likewise, VKH is commonly present in much older patients; this is the first time ever to be diagnosed in a two-year-old child.

KEYWORDS:

• Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome
• choroiditis
• exudative detachment
• vitritis
• Vogt Koyanagi Harada

Meeting presentation

This paper is not currently under consideration for any meetings and has not been previously presented.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).