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Platelets Volume 31, 2020 - Issue 5
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Special Review Series

Getting a good view: in vitro imaging of platelets under flow

Oluwamayokun Oshinowo1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;3 Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Tamara Lambert1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Yumiko Sakurai1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;3 Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Renee Copeland1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;3 Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Caroline E. Hansen1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;3 Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Wilbur A. Lam1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;3 Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USACorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
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David R. Myers1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;2 Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4 Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;5 Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Pages 570-579 | Received 01 Nov 2019, Accepted 12 Feb 2020, Published online: 28 Feb 2020
 
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Abstract

As the anucleate cells responsible for hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are exposed to a myriad of biophysical and biochemical stimuli within vasculature and heterogeneous blood clots. Highly controlled, reductionist in vitro imaging studies have been instrumental in providing a detailed and quantitative understanding of platelet biology and behavior, and have helped elucidate some surprising functions of platelets. In this review, we highlight the tools and approaches that enable visualization of platelets in conjunction with precise control over the local biofluidic and biochemical microenvironment. We also discuss next generation tools that add further control over microenvironment cell stiffness or enable visualization of the interactions between platelets and endothelial cells. Throughout the review, we include pragmatic knowledge on imaging systems, experimental conditions, and approaches that have proved to be useful to our in vitro imaging studies of platelets under flow.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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