Late-onset psychosis and very-late-onset-schizophrenia-like-psychosis: an updated systematic review

Abstract

Psychotic disorders have long been known to be a condition that peaks during adolescence and early adulthood. A considerable proportion of patients have their first onset at or after the age of 40, but little is known about this population. The current systematic review examined the clinical presentation of late-onset psychosis (LOP) and very-late-onset-schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP) with focus on their psychopathological, neuropsychological, neurobiological, psychosocial and psychological correlates. A systematic search of studies published from 2000 to 2019 from Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus yielded 27 original studies that were included in this review. Results revealed there is a dearth of empirical research on the conditions in the current literature and inconsistencies in the findings reported may be associated with the lack of uniformity in the definitions for LOP and VLOSLP. Future research on the topic shall (i) specify the onset age criteria for LOP and VLOSLP; (ii) study the conditions independently; (iii) involve a larger sample size, and iv) account for potential confounding variables. A comprehensive evaluation of the risks and benefits of pharmacological treatment may also be needed.

Keywords:

• Late-onset psychosis
• psychopathology
• neurobiology
• neuropsychology
• psychosocial

Disclosure statement

EYHC has received speaker honoraria from Otsuka and DSK BioPharma, research funding from Otsuka, and participated in paid advisory boards for Jansen and DSK BioPharma; EYHC reports no other relationship or activity that appear to have influenced the submitted work. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this paper. The authors received no specific funding for this work.