Historical forerunners of neuropsychiatry: The psychiatric works of Albert W. Adamkiewicz (1850–1921)

ABSTRACT

Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz (1850–1821) was a Polish neurologist and researcher who is best known for his description of the so-called Adamkiewicz-artery. In contrast to his achievements in neurology, his research in psychiatry from his time in Vienna (1891–1921) is commonly overlooked. We examined all titles of his publications from 1891 to 1921 and provided a close reading of those works that were related to his research on the neural basis of mental phenomena and disorders. We demonstrate that, in later stages of his scientific career, Adamkiewicz critically engaged with contemporary positions in psychiatry and the psychogenic explanation of mental disorders. He developed a theory based on his neurological research, correlating central theorems of late-nineteenth-century psychiatry to neural networks in the human cortex. These achievements make him a historical forerunner of neuropsychiatric concepts of mental phenomena and disorders.

KEYWORDS:

• Adamkiewicz
• history of psychiatry
• psychotic disorder
• neuropsychiatry

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

Moritz E. Wigand was supported by the Clinician Scientist Programme of the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. The funding sources had no role in any aspect pertinent to this article.