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ABSTRACT
Objective: Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant and an essential mitochondrial cofactor which has been suggested to improve the clinical features of migraine. Several randomized clinical trials have examined the effects of Coenzyme Q10 on migraine with inconclusive results. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane library and Scopus to identify eligible studies up to April 2018. Studies included were randomized clinical trials of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation that reported the frequency, severity, or duration of migraine attacks as a primary outcome. A meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed using the fixed effects model or the random effects model to estimate pooled effect size.
Results: Four randomized clinical trials with 221 participants were included. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation significantly reduced the frequency of migraine attacks (weighted mean difference: −1.87 attacks/month, 95% CI: −2.69 to −1.05, p < 0.001) without significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 36.6%, p = 0.192). Coenzyme Q10 supplementation had no significant effect on severity (weighted mean difference: −2.35 visual analog scale score, 95% CI: −5.19 to 0.49, p = 0.105) and duration of migraine attacks (weighted mean difference: −6.14 h, 95% CI: −13.14 to 0.87, p = 0.086) with high heterogeneity.
Conclusion: Pooled analyses of available randomized clinical trials suggest that Coenzyme Q10 supplementation may reduce the frequency of migraine attacks per month without affecting the severity or duration of migraine attacks.
Acknowledgments
We thank all staff in our department for providing clinical and methodological advices during the entire performance of our meta-analysis.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Notes on contributors
Mohammad Parohan is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences and a researcher in Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. His research focuses on cellular and molecular nutrition, and clinical nutrition.
Payam Sarraf is professor of neurosciences in Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. His research is focused on neurological disorders and neurosurgery treatments.
Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht is professor of nutritional sciences in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. His research focuses on cellular and molecular nutrition, nutrigenomics and epigenetics.
Sakineh Ranji-Burachaloo is professor of neurosciences in Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Her research is focused on neurological disorders.
Mahmoud Djalali is professor of nutritional sciences in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. His research focuses on cellular and molecular nutrition, nutrigenomics and epigenetics.