Abstract
A novel ionic liquid-coated nanomaterials (CaO@SiO2@BAIL) was successfully synthesized by anchoring the 1-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,3,5,7-tetraazaadamantan-1-ium chlorozincate (II) bi-functional ionic liquid (BAIL) onto the surface of silica‐coated CaO nanoparticles. The structure of catalyst was characterized using various analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), WDS map scan, thermogravimetric (TGA), and inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The performances of prepared hybrid nanomaterial (CaO@SiO2@BAIL) as a catalyst were evaluated for the efficient synthesis of the pharmaceutically valuable heterocyclic compounds. A variety of pyridine, pyrimidine, and pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized in the presence of CaO@SiO2@BAIL within green conditions. The presented method has several advantages such as high yields, low reaction times, and easy preparation of the catalyst. The bi-functional heterogeneous nanocatalyst can be reused at least six times without considerable loss of its catalytic activity.
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this work by the research council of Arak University.