Metal Organic Framework Cu-BDC as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of Benzophenazine Derivatives

Abstract

In the present study, a nano-metal organic framework (MOF) based on copper was synthesized and characterized by various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms. The Cu-benzene dicarboxylic acid (Cu-BDC) exhibited high catalytic activity under ultrasonic irradiation for one-pot synthesis benzophenazine using 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, o-phenylenediamine, aldehydes, and malononitrile as the starting material. Cu-BDC as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of benzophenazines can be reused and recycled several times by maintaining its catalytic activities.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Metal-organic framework
• one-pot reaction
• benzophenazine
• heterogeneous catalyst
• Cu-BDC

Acknowledgment

The authors of this article also express their gratitude and appreciation for the efforts made by Tarbiat Modares University in catalyst synthesis.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

We thank the Research Council at CCERCI Foundation for the financial support of this work.