Microwave-Assisted Multi-Component Green Synthesis of Benzo[α]furo[2, 3-c]phenazine Derivatives via a Magnetically-Separable Fe₃O₄@rGO@ZnO-HPA Nanocatalyst under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of benzo[α]furo[2, 3-c]phenazine derivatives by the reaction of benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol, Arylglyoxals, and methyl indole in the present Fe₃O₄@rGO@ZnO-HPA magnetic core-shell nanoparticles (MCNPs) under microwave reaction is reported. The catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, TEM, FESEM, XRD, AFM, hot-filtration, and VSM techniques. The advantages of a method are High yields, short reaction time (10–15 min), operational simplicity, absence of any tedious workup or purification, and avoidance of hazardous or toxic reagents/solvents are the salient features of this eco-friendly methodology.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Multi-component
• Fe₃O₄@rGO@ZnO-HPA
• magnetic core-shell nanoparticles
• solvent-free conditions

Acknowledgment

We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research Council of the Islamic Azad University of Yazd.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.