Potential application of probiotics in mycotoxicosis reduction in mammals and poultry

Abstract

Mycotoxins in feedstuffs are considered as a principal worry by food safety authorities worldwide because most of them can be transferred from the feed to food commodities of animal origin, and further consumed by humans. Therefore, effective alternatives for the reduction of the impact of mycotoxins need to be applied in the feed production industry. Applications of beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) can be alternative and applied as feed additives in order to reduce or eliminate the toxic effects of mycotoxins on animals. The aim of this article is to provide information on the role of beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) and point out their role in the reduction of the effect of mycotoxin toxicity in farming animals (mammals and poultry). The objective was to provide a summary of the existing knowledge based on the application of different strains belonging to the group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or yeasts that are already or can be future employed in the feed industry, in order to reduce mycotoxicosis presence in mammals and poultry exposed to mycotoxin-contaminated feed. Moreover, an overview of mycotoxins toxicity in mammals and poultry will be presented, and furthermore, the role of the beneficial microorganisms (including probiotics) in the reduction of mycotoxins toxicity (aflatoxicosis, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, and fumonisin toxicities) will be described in detail.

Keywords:

• Lactic acid bacteria
• mycotoxin
• toxicity
• yeast
• in vivo

Acknowledgments

The authors have no further acknowledgments to declare. The manuscript was prepared solely by the authors, whose contributions are declared herein. The authors acknowledge the usefulness of the comments from the reviewers selected by the Editor and anonymous to the authors in improving the manuscript.

Author contributions

Zoghi – Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing original draft, Review & editing. Todorov and Khosravi-Darani – Conceptualization, Investigation, Review & editing.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The author’s affiliations are as shown on the cover page. The motivation for the preparation of this manuscript was part of the completion of a previously published paper entitled “Role of the lactobacilli in food bio-decontamination: Friends with benefits” in the “Enzyme and Microbial Technology” Journal. The authors have not participated in, nor anticipate participation in, any legal, regulatory, or advocacy proceedings related to the contents of the paper. The authors had sole responsibility for the preparation of this manuscript. Opinions and conclusions expressed within are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of any sponsoring entity.