Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale against Aeromonas spp.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale‘s essential oils against Aeromonas spp. isolates from Colossoma macropomum, and to determine their chemical composition. Essential oils were obtained through hydrodistillation and their chemical composition analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of the oils was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The major compounds were thymol (76.6%), p-cymene (6.3%) and (E)- β-caryophyllene (5.0%) in L. sidoides; eugenol (43.3%), 1,8-cineole (28.2%) and β-selinene (5.5%) in O. gratissimum; and geranial (23.2%), neral (16.7%) and 1,8-cineole (15.8%) in Z. officinale. All the essential oils evaluated showed bactericidal action against isolates of Aeromonas spp., with MIC and MBC ranging from 625 to 5,000 μg mL⁻¹. We highlight the L. sidoides oil with the best antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC ranging from 625 to 1,250 μg mL⁻¹).

KEYWORDS:

• Bioactive plants
• fish bacterium isolates
• minimum inhibitory concentration
• minimum bactericidal concentration

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

To Embrapa - Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (#MP2 02.12.01.020.00.00), CNPq - National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (#485993/2013-9) and Amazonas Research Foundation – FAPEAM (#PPP 392/2012) for financial support. To Dr. Marcelo Róseo de Oliveira, from Embrapa Amazônia Occidental, for the assistance in distilling the essential oils. P. C. Monteiro received PhD. fellowship from FAPEAM.