https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-5193
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Abstract
Introduction
Prostate Cancer (PC) is a global health concern affecting men worldwide. Oxidative stress is believed to contribute to the initiation of early-stage PC lesions. Additionally, inflammation has long been acknowledged as a factor in the development of PC. We aimed to examine the biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in PC patients before and after surgery.
Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Urology Outpatient Clinic of Bezmialem Vakif University Hospital. A total of 150 individuals were included in the study, divided into five groups: 50 Healthy controls, 25 patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 25 patients with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer (LRPC), 25 patients with Medium-Risk Prostate Cancer (MRPC), and 25 patients with High-Risk Prostate Cancer (HRPC). Measurements of Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Thiol (TT), and Native Thiol (NT) were performed using photometric methods. Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) and Disulfide (DIS) levels were calculated mathematically. Levels of Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Presepsin were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
Results
Compared to the healthy control group, the results indicated a statistically significant increase in both oxidative stress and inflammation levels. In the groups receiving both pharmaceutical therapy and surgical treatment (PC), a significant decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation levels was observed.
Conclusion
Consequently, it is suggested that the assessment of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers should be incorporated in the pre- and postoperative monitoring of patients with PC.
HIGHLIGHTS
Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) levels are found to be statistically lower in all PC groups, indicating a correlation between oxidative stress and the progression of PC.
Levels of inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) were found to be higher before and after surgery in PC groups, and their variation correlated with tumor grade and size.
Post-surgery, a decrease in presepsin levels is associated with a reduced likelihood of sepsis in PC patients.
Reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation levels postoperatively suggest the effectiveness of surgical intervention in mitigating these factors.
The potential for personalized medicine to decrease PC mortality is highlighted by better understanding the functional relationship coordinating inflammatory signatures in the tumor microenvironment.
Acknowledgments
Our current study was presented as an oral presentation at the Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Association (MOKAD) congress on 21–24 July 2022. The authors dedicated this publication to the 100th anniversary of the Republic of Türkiye. As scientists raised by Türkiye, they are proud to be citizens and scientist of this country. Long live the Republic of Türkiye!
Author contributions
HB: Analysis and Arrangement, Data curation, Data editing, Formal analysis, Writing - original draft. CE: Project administration, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. BNO: Data improvement, Formal analysis. IO: Conceptualization, Analysis and Arrangement. HSP: Review and editing. AID: Data optimization, Formal analysis. EC: Resources, Review and regulation. EMG: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing, Supervision, Methodology.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Ethical approval
Ethical approval for our study was approved by the Health Sciences University, Hamidiye Clinical Research Ethics Committee.