Multivariate comparison of photocatalytic properties of thirteen nanostructured metal oxides for water purification

Abstract

Although the environmental photocatalysis is being developed for many years, the relationships between simple metal oxides have not been explored so far. In this study a multivariate comparison of thirteen nanostructured metal oxides (Bi₂O₃, CeO₂, Co₃O₄, Fe₂O₃, NiO, Pr₆O₁₁, SnO₂, SrTiO₃, TiO₂, WO₃, ZnFe₂O₄, ZnO and ZrO₂) was performed. The solution containing twenty-six psychotropic pharmaceuticals was used as a model mixture. In order to ensure the influence of the dissolved organic matter on the process, all the experiments were conducted in the river water. Simulated solar radiation was applied as the most environmentally relevant. The high-resolution LC-MS profiles, obtained for the photocatalytic samples after 1 h of irradiation, were then submitted to the multivariate chemometric analysis. Graphical representations of principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis enabled visualization of the relationships between the studied oxides. The registered degradation profiles were compared qualitatively and discussed.

Keywords:

• Photocatalysis
• metal oxides
• psychotropic pharmaceuticals
• PCA
• cluster analysis