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Research Article

Influence of thermal regime, oxygen conditions and land use on source and pathways of carbon in lake pelagic food webs

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Pages 293-310 | Received 21 Dec 2021, Accepted 21 Jun 2022, Published online: 07 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Intensification of anthropogenic activities in many lake catchments during the twentieth century led to increased autochthonous organic matter sedimentation and degradation of hypolimnetic oxygen conditions due to the intensification of heterotrophic processes. These processes can be amplified by the effect of climate warming on thermal stratification in lakes. This study aimed to assess how metabolic disruptions affect carbon sources and pathways in lake pelagic food webs, focusing on methanogenic carbon. The studied lakes showed strong seasonal variations of carbon source availability and transfers to pelagic food webs, characterized by increased methanogenic carbon transfers to Daphnia populations in winter. The magnitude of these winter transfers seems to largely depend on the amount of methane stored in the hypolimnion during the stratification period, and thus on the amount of methane released with autumnal turnover. Methane production, storage and transfer mechanisms partly depend on thermal stratification intensity, but also on external factors such as land use. This study provides new insights into the impacts of global changes on the sources and pathways of carbon in pelagic food webs through their influence on lake metabolism and thermal regimes. These functional changes may lead to greater production and release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Résumé

L’intensification des activités anthropiques sur de nombreux bassins versants lacustres durant le XXe siècle a conduit à une augmentation de la sédimentation organique autochtone et à la dégradation des conditions d’oxygénation hypolimniques en raison de l’intensification des processus hétérotrophes. Ces processus peuvent être amplifiés par l’effet du réchauffement climatique sur la stratification thermique des lacs. Cette étude visait à évaluer comment ces perturbations métaboliques affectent les sources et les voies de transfert du carbone dans les réseaux trophiques pélagiques lacustres, en se focalisant sur le carbone d’origine méthanogène. Les lacs étudiés ont révélé de fortes variations saisonnières des sources de carbone disponibles et transférées aux réseaux trophiques pélagiques, caractérisées par l’intensification des transferts de carbone d’origine méthanogène aux populations de Daphnia en hiver. L’intensité de ces transferts hivernaux semble grandement dépendre de la quantité de méthane stockée dans l’hypolimnion durant la période de stratification, et donc de la quantité de méthane libérée lors du brassage automnal. Les mécanismes de production, stockage et transfert de méthane semblent en partie dépendre de l’intensité de la stratification thermique, mais aussi de facteurs externes comme l’utilisation des sols. Cette étude fournit de nouvelles connaissances sur les conséquences potentielles des changements planétaires sur les sources et les voies de transfert du carbone dans les réseaux trophiques pélagiques via leur influence sur le métabolisme et le régime thermique des lacs. Ces changements fonctionnels pourraient mener à une augmentation de la production et des émissions atmosphériques de gaz à effet de serre.

Acknowledgments

Conseil Régional de Franche-Comté and ‘Zone Atelier Arc Jurassien’ provided financial support for this study. We thank Christian Hossann from SILVATECH (UMR 1434 SILVA, INRA Nancy) for stable isotope analysis. SILVATECH facility is supported by the French National Research Agency through the Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01). The authors are grateful to Sylvain Besson of ‘Office Français de la Biodiversité’ and Jean-Baptiste Fagot of ‘Fédération du Jura pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique’ for the collaboration regarding the continuous physico-chemical monitoring of the lakes. We also address our gratitude to Julien Didier (Chrono-Environnement, Besançon) for assistance during monitoring and Christophe Loup from the PEA2T analytical platform of the Chrono-Environnement laboratory for sediment carbon and nitrogen analysis.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability statement

Data are available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2094630

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