Contextual cueing in older adults: Slow initial learning but flexible use of distractor configurations

ABSTRACT

Learned spatial regularities can efficiently guide visual search. This effect has been extensively studied using the contextual cueing paradigm. We investigated age-related changes in the initial learning of contextual configurations and the relearning after target relocation. Younger and older participants completed a contextual cueing experiment on two days. On day one, they were tested with a standard contextual cueing task. On day two, for the repeated displays the location of the targets was moved while keeping the distractor configurations unchanged. Older participants developed a reliable contextual cueing effect but the emergence of this effect required more repetitions compared to younger individuals. Contextual cueing was apparent quickly after target relocation in younger and older participants. Especially in older adults, the fast updating might be due to learned distractor-distractor associations rather than the updating of target-distractor configurations.

KEYWORDS:

• Contextual cueing
• visual search
• spatial updating
• relearning
• cognitive ageing

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Lisa Schmidt for her help with data collection.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

Stefan Pollmann http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5840-5658

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to S.P. and C.P. [Grant Number SFB 779, subproject A4]; C.P. was additionally funded by the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt, the “European Regional Development Fund” (ERDF 2014-2020), Project: Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), [Grant Number FKZ: ZS/2016/04/78113].