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ABSTRACT
.Since mid-15th century the epistemological foundations of imperialism is a continuing process that is responsible for the vulnerability of cities in Africa to structural adversities. The vulnerability to structural adversities is responsible for the legendary ‘urbanization without growth’ and for ‘growth without development’ in Africa since the turn of the 21st century. This vulnerability threatens the sustainable urban development initiative because it has very high potentials to impede the reversion of extant consumer cities to centres of production. This paper therefore argues that the prospect of sustainable urban development in post-2015 planning period is very low. Ideological and policy changes are required to redress this situation. To this end, the paper attempts to identify requisite development ideology and policy changes specifically to enhance the productive health of the city.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1 Olesen (Citation2014) gave indication of the neoliberalization of spatial planning in north-western European countries.
2 The expression ‘productive health of the city’ is used to refer to the capacity of the urban (city) economy to mobilize local resources for generating tradable goods and services.
3 Traditional African cities were translated from traditions of culture through the instrumentality of liberal arts (Davison et al. Citation1966).
4 These values were measured by the institutional order of late capitalist modernity
based on individualism as the basis of social reproduction; on citizenship in a representative democracy administered by a constitutional state as the basis of political relations; and on utilitarian rationality in a system of generational commodity production and market exchange (mediated by state redistribution), as the basis of economic relations. (Jenkins Citation2009, 81)
5 Modernization theory presents the idea that by introducing modern methods of production like the use of advanced technology for industry the underdeveloped countries will experience a strengthening in their economies and this will lead them to development.
6 The survivalist informal sector has no theoretical bases for economic growth because it disconnects in principle with accumulation.
7 These programmes include; Imo NEPAD (New Partnership for African Development), NAPEP, EU-MPP6 (European Union Micro Projects Program), SEEDS (State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy), LEEMP (Local Economic Empowerment and Environmental Management Project), SMEDAN, Imo PAP (Poverty Alleviation Program), FADAM II, and FADAMA III.
8 NEPAD evolved in close contact with the G8 (Okinawa 2000, Genoa 2001 cited in Bond and Dor Citation2003, 24), and the Bretton Woods Institutions and international capital (Davos 2001 cited in Bond and Dor Citation2003, 24), under conditions of secrecy. NEPAD lost its original outlook and by 2001 it has become another form of structural adjustment in disguise (Bond Citation2002).
9 First National Development Plan (1962–1968); Second National Development Plan (1970–1974); Third National Development Plan (1975–1980); and Fourth National Development Plan (1981–1985).
10 LPI is the tripartite consortium consisting of the African Union Commission (AUC), the African Development Bank (AfDB) and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA). Using its Framework and guidelines on land policy in Africa, the LPI is now moving towards assisting AU Member States in developing or reviewing their land policies as well as in implementing and evaluating these policies.
11 Ibrahim Mayaki is CEO, NEPAD Agency.
12 Agriculture contributed 17.42% to nominal GDP.
13 The figures here should be handled with caution because they could vary depending on source.
14 Plan implementation is the progenitor factor of changes in planning and planning theory.