ABSTRACT
Objective: We tested the association of individual cognitive domains measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and disability.
Method: Cross-sectional study in a population-based cohort aged ≥55 years (n = 4,803). Sample was divided into two groups: individuals with cognition within the normal range (CNR) (n = 4,057) and those with cognitive impairment (CI) (n = 746). Main outcome measures: The MMSE, the Katz Index (Basic Activities of Daily Living, bADL), the Lawton and Brody Scale (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, iADL), and the Geriatric Mental State (GMS-AGECAT).
Results: MMSE-orientation was associated with disability in bADL, iADL and a decrease in social participation, regardless of cognitive status. MMSE-attention was associated with disability in iADL, but only in CNR. MMSE-language was associated with disability in bADL, iADL and with reduced social participation, but only in CI. Conclusions: The associations observed between disability and orientation may have clinical and public health implications.
Acknowledgments
The work under consideration of publication is based in a Research Project that has received the following Funding/support: Supported by Grant (PI16/00896) from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) of the European Union “Una manera de hacer Europa”; and Grant from the Gobierno de Aragón (Programa Operativo FEDER Aragón 2014-2020, Group B15_17R)
Disclosure statement
Dr. Gracia-García has received an honorarium from Servier/ Saned, and non-financial support from Servier, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Esteve and Nutrición Médica to attend scientific meetings. Dr. Quintanilla has received an honorarium from Servier/ Saned, and non-financial support from Lundbeck and Janssen to attend scientific meetings. Dr. De-la-Cámara has received non-financial support from Janssen-Cilag, Almirall, Lilly, Lundbeck, Esteve, Novartis, and Pfizer to attend scientific meetings. None of these companies have influenced the content and writing of this work. All other authors have nothing to declare.