Use of palm olein as cutting fluid during turning of mild steel

ABSTRACT

This research evaluated surface roughness and cutting forces using an alternative vegetable oil, namely, ‘super palm olein’, as cutting fluid on turning of mild steel. The outcomes of the proposed alternative cutting fluid were compared with that of conventional mineral-based cutting fluid (coolant machining) and dry machining. Taguchi orthogonal array was employed to set design of experiments and results were analysed based on signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to rationalise multi-parameter experiments, namely, cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. It was found that depth of cut influences most significantly on surface roughness, that is, 49.02% for dry machining, 73.35% for coolant machining and 53.86% for super olein machining. On the other hand, the highest contributor to cutting force performance was cutting speed with 51.44% for dry machining, 87.28% for coolant machining and 75.46% for super olein machining. The experimental outcome shows that surface roughness under super olein machining tends to improve as the depth of cut and cutting speeds increase and surpasses that of conventional coolant machining and dry machining. Additionally, regression equations were proposed, based on experimental results, to predict surface roughness and cutting force for given parameters.

KEYWORDS:

• Palm oil
• cutting fluid
• ANOVA
• regression analysis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

S. Debnath

Dr. Sujan Debnath (CEng MIMechE, FHEA, MIMM) is an Associate Professor at Department of Mechanical Engineering in Curtin University Malaysia. He had served as the HOD of Mechanical Engineering from October 2014 to December 2017 in Curtin Malaysia. Dr. Sujan obtained his PhD Degree from the University of Science Malaysia in 2006 majoring applied mechanics and heat transfer with specific research focuses on interfacial thermal mismatch stress analysis in electronic packaging. Over the years, he has been working in the area ofthermal management in electronic packaging, green composite materials using bio-waste,nano polymer compositesandnano-enhanced MQL Machining. Dr. Sujan has more than 110 publications in reputable international journals and conference proceedings. He is a Chartered Engineer (CEng MIMechE) and a Fellow of Advance Higher Learning (HEA), UK. Dr. Sujan is a registered Level 1 supervisor in Curtin University, Australia for Doctoral and Master Thesis. 

M. Anwar

Dr. Mahmood Anwar is a Senior Lecturer in the Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak Campus, Malaysia. Prior to join academic position, he was a Research Scientist in Hitachi CFP PTE., Singapore andinvolved as a lead Scientist for High Voltage Component Research and corrosion protection projects. Currently, he is leading nanomaterials research for developing corrosion resistive high voltage conductor. He is also technicaladvisor of several industries for acoustic and insulation materials design. He has been long serving member of IMM Coating Fingerprint Taskforce for Coating Standard Development towards Oil& Gas industry. He is also aprofessional certified coating quality controller for Oil & Gas Industry. Currently, he is serving as a council member in Institute of Materials Malaysia and also Committee for Standard Development on Nanotechnology, Advanced Ceramics and Metallic & Inorganic Coatings Division of ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). Due to. his industrial research contribution, he has been awarded Fellow of Institute of Materials, Malaysia. He is a Chartered Engineer (CEng MIMMM) and a Fellow of Advance Higher Learning (HEA), UK. Dr. Mahmood is a registered Level 1 supervisor in Curtin University, Australia for Doctoral and Master Thesis.

A. K. Basak

Animesh Basak graduated in 2002 with a B.Sc. (honours) in Metallurgical Engineering degree from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. After that, he received his Masters and PhD degree in Materials Science and Engineering in 2003 and 2009 respectively, from Kathilieke Universeteit Leuven (KULeuven), Belgium. In his PhD work, he focused on tribology and tribo-corrosion behaviours of nanostructured cermet/ceramic coatings for engineering applications. Additionally, he worked on various scientific projects from European Union and Belgium. In 2009, he joined the Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering department at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia, as a post-doctoral research fellow. Later on in 2011, he has joined Australian National University (ANU), Canberra, Australia, to work jointly between Electron Microscopy Unit (EMU) at ANU and Australian national fabrication facilities (ANFF)-ACT node. In 2013, he has joind at Adelaide microscopy at the University of Adelaide as duel-beam (FIB) specialist. Animesh's research interests include nanostructured materials, nano-technology, nano-scale fabrication of materials, high resolution microscopy (AFM/LFM, SEM, S/TEM) and probe analysis, novel FIB-SEM, TEM sample preparation techniques, nano-scale fabrication of materials, deformation mechanisms of semiconductor and bulk metallic glasses (BMG), nano-mechanics, tribology and tribo-corrosion, electrochemistry and electrochemical measurement techniques. He has a number of publication in top-ranked peer reviewed journals and attended a number of conferences across the world and presented his work.

Alokesh Pramanik

Dr Pramanik is currently a lecturer in Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering at Curtin University. He completed Masters and PhD degrees in Mechanical Engineering from National University of Singapore and University of Sydney respectively. Dr Pramanik has more than 15 year of research experience in the fields of manufacturing as well as composite materials at different universities. He has published more than 110 research articles which include several books, many book chapters and many reputed journal articles.