(Dis-)Empowerment in context: a proto-evaluative perspective on welfare reform agendas and their impact, North-West and South

ABSTRACT

This article, inspired by the epistemology of critical realism and its approach to assessing social and institutional change, elaborates on the impact of past welfare reform agendas in Europe, taking Italy and Germany as examples. Reading welfare state change through the lens of the concept of empowerment, it argues that such agendas should be studied by considering the nexus of different (coinciding) policies, the transformation of organisational settlements, and the reforms’ fit with encultured social expectations. Illustrating how a reform agenda containing a potential to enhance self-determination in the area of work and family life may simultaneously contribute to disempowerment, the article shows how a multidimensional ‘proto-evaluative’ endeavour may help develop a more holistic understanding of past welfare state change up to the outbreak of the Corona19 pandemic.

KEYWORDS:

• Evaluation
• empowerment
• welfare reform
• family policy
• labour market policy

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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Ingo Bode

Ingo Bode is Full Professor of Social Policy, Organization and Society at the Department of Social Work and Welfare, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Kassel. His research focuses on the political sociology of welfare states as well as on organizational change within the social welfare and healthcare sector, including from a comparative perspective.

Giuseppe Moro

Giuseppe Moro is Full Professor of Sociology and Director of the Department of Political Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro. His research focuses on social policy and on evaluation of welfare programmes.