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Review

Antibody-based therapy for acute myeloid leukemia: a review of phase 2 and 3 trials

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Pages 169-185 | Received 13 Mar 2022, Accepted 22 Jun 2022, Published online: 04 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Despite recent advances in the treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the clinical outcome of patients continues to be unsatisfactory especially among older patients, those with a high-risk profile, and in the relapsed/refractory setting. For this reason, recent clinical trials have explored novel therapeutic agents either used alone or in combination with intensive chemotherapy or low-intensity treatments.

Areas covered

The current paper reviews the clinical development of monoclonal antibody-based therapies in AML, their current status and phases 2 and 3 prospective trials.

Expert opinion

Monoclonal antibody-based therapies demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in several clinical trials, especially when used in combination either with ‘3 + 7’ chemotherapy or with low-intensity treatments. Additional studies are needed to determine new antigens for antibody-based therapies that target leukemia stem cells and spare normal hematopoiesis. Phase 2 and 3 additional clinical trial data are needed to assess the promise of first trials, especially regarding chimeric antigen receptor T cells redirected against myeloid antigens and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.

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