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Articles

Israel’s Intelligence gathering and analysis for the target assassination of Baha Abu al-Ata (2019)

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Pages 53-73 | Published online: 07 Feb 2022
 

ABSTRACT

On 12 November 2019 Baha Abu al-Ata, a leader of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad in Gaza was targeted assassinated by Israel. Intelligence was the driver of the operation – information and data were the components of intelligence gathering enabling informed decision-making via defence and security analysis. There was effective co-ordination and co-operation between the civilian government, the Israel Defense Force’s Units Skylark, Moran, 504, 8200 and 9900, and the Israel Security Agency. Policy and technicalities were integrated through civil–military relations. The methodology used six sets of different types of intelligence gathering, analysis and risk assessment that were separate yet simultaneously were asking: why, who, when, where, how (what weapon), and assessing repercussions.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

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7 Baha Abu al-Ata, Counter Extremism Project Website, https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/baha-abu-al-ata.

9 Netanyahu’s Remarks at the Joint Statement with IDF Chief-of-Staff Lt.-Gen. Aviv Kochavi and ISA Director Nadav Argaman at the Defense Ministry in Tel Aviv, November 12, 2020, Video News Conference, https://www.facebook.com/IsraeliPM/videos/818369418618625/?__tn__=-R.

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20 BBC, ‘Israel-Gaza Violence Spirals after Killing of Top Palestinian Militant’, BBC Online, November 12, 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50395347.

21 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ‘Statement from the Prime Minister's Office’, Israel Government Website, https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/2019/Pages/Statement-from-the-Prime-Minister-s-Office-12-November-2019.aspx.

22 BBC, ‘Israel kills top Palestinian Islamic Jihad militant in Gaza’, BBC Online, November 12, 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50386164.

23 Fares Akram and Aron Heller, ‘Israel Kills Islamic Jihad Leader, Setting Off Fierce Clash’, The Detroit News, November 12, 2019, https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/world/2019/11/12/israel-kills-islamic-jihad-leader-setting-fierce-clash/40593209/.

24 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ‘Attack on a Building in Gaza in Which a Palestinian Islamic Jihad Senior Commander Resided’, Israel Government Website, https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Palestinian/Pages/Attack-on-a-building-in-Gaza-in-which-a-Palestinian-Islamic-Jihad-senior-commander-resided-12-November-2019.aspx.

25 Daniel Statman, ‘Targeted Killing’, Theoretical Inquiries in Law 5, no. 1 (2004): 179–198.

26 Eamon Aloyo, ‘Just Assassinations’, International Theory 5, no. 3 (November 2013): 347–381. doi:10.1017/S1752971913000237.

27 Simon Reeve, One Day in September: The Full Story of the 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre and the Israeli Revenge Operation ‘Wrath of God’ (London: Arcade, 2011).

28 Ronen Bergman, ‘How Arafat Eluded Israel’s Assassination Machine’, The New York Times Magazine, January 23, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/magazine/how-arafat-eluded-israels-assassination-machine.html.

29 Iron Dome (Israel), Missile Threat, CSIS Website, https://missilethreat.csis.org/defsys/iron-dome/.

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31 Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ‘Operation Pillar of Defense – IDF updates’, Israel Government Website, https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Pages/Operation_Pillar_of_Defense_Nov_2012-IDF_updates.aspx.

32 Editorial, ‘Who was Slain Islamic Jihad Commander Bahaa Abu al-Ata?’ Al Jazeera, November 12, 2019, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/11/islamic-jihad-commander-bahaa-abu-al-atta-191112111441690.html.

33 Nadav Argaman and Aviv Kochavi, ‘News Conference’, Twitter Web, November 12, 2020, https://twitter.com/i/status/1194241707245748224.

34 BBC, ‘Guide: Why are Israel and the Palestinians Fighting Over Gaza?’ BBC Website, https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/20436092.

35 Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), Counter Extremism Project Website, https://www.counterextremism.com/threat/palestinian-islamic-jihad.

36 Mustafa Abu Sneineh, ‘Gaza Releases Recording it Says Proves PA helped Israel kill Islamic Jihad leader’, Middle East Eye, https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/gazas-ministry-interior-accuse-palestinian-authoritys-intelligence-spying-israel.

37 Anna Ahronheim, ‘Who was Islamic Jihad's Baha Abu al-Ata and Why Did Israel Want Him dead?’ The Jerusalem Post, November 12, 2019, https://www.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/gaza-news/who-was-baha-abu-al-ata-607591.

38 Editorial, ‘The Moment Gaza Rockets Sparked Panic at Israeli Music Festival’, Haaretz Newspaper, August 26, 2020, https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/the-moment-gaza-rockets-sparked-panic-at-israeli-music-festival-1.7741771.

39 Almog Ben Zikri, Yaniv Kubovich, and Jack Khoury, ‘Netanyahu Rushed Off Stage at Election Rally During Gaza Rocket Attack’, Haaretz Newspaper, September 11, 2019, https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-hamas-netanyahu-rushed-election-rally-during-gaza-rockets-1.7830441.

40 Anna Ahronheim, ‘Who was Islamic Jihad's Baha Abu al-Ata and Why Did Israel Want Him Dead?’ The Jerusalem Post, November 12, 2019, https://www.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/gaza-news/who-was-baha-abu-al-ata-607591.

41 Anna Ahronheim, ‘Who is Abu al-Ata: The Man Behind Rocket Fire from Gaza Strip’, The Jerusalem Post, November 13, 2019, https://www.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/who-is-abu-al-ata-the-man-suspectedly-responsible-for-gaza-escalation-606639.

42 Talia Kaplan, ‘More than 200 Rockets Fired into Israel from Gaza after Islamic Jihad Leader Killed’, Fox News, November 12, 2019, https://www.foxnews.com/world/more-than-200-rockets-fired-into-israel-after-islamic-jihad-leader-killed.

43 IDF, Skylark and Moran Units, IDF website shorturl.at/nEJTV.

44 Major Ronen, ‘The IDF Aman’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, University of Haifa, Israel July 3, 2020).

45 IDF, Military Intelligence Directorate, ‘Aman’, Israel Government Website, https://www.idf.il/en/minisites/military-intelligence-directorate/9900.

46 Captain Shai, ‘The Shin-bet’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, University of Haifa, Israel June 13, 2020).

47 Captain Itamar, ‘Unit 9900’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, University of Haifa, Israel May 25, 2020).

48 Editorial, ‘Exclusive: IDF Drone Entered Islamic Jihad Leader's Home Before Assassination’, i24News, November 13, 2019, https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/israel/diplomacy-defense/1573637516-i24news-exclusive-idf-drone-entered-islamic-jihad-leader-s-home-before-assassination.

49 Nadav Argaman and Aviv Kochavi, ‘News Conference’, Twitter Web, November 12, 2020, https://twitter.com/i/status/1194241707245748224.

50 Benjamin Netanyahu, ‘Twitter on al-Ata’, The official Twitter account of the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, November 12, 2020, https://t.co/DnHPOVPbJN?amp=1.

51 Sergeant Eitan, ‘The IAF and role of F-15’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, University of Haifa, Israel July 3, 2020).

52 Captain Maya, ‘Local Analysis’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, University of Haifa, Israel July 3, 2020).

53 Israel Defence Force Spokesman, ‘IDF Strikes Islamic Jihad Commander in Gaza’, Israel Government Website, https://www.idf.il/en/minisites/palestinian-terror/idf-strikes-islamic-jihad-commander-in-gaza/.

55 Baha Abu al-Ata, Counter Extremism Project Website, https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/baha-abu-al-ata.

56 Netanyahu’s Remarks at the Joint Statement with IDF Chief-of-Staff Lt.-Gen. Aviv Kochavi and ISA Director Nadav Argaman at the Defense Ministry in Tel Aviv, November 12, 2020, Video News Conference, https://www.facebook.com/IsraeliPM/videos/818369418618625/?__tn__=-R.

57 Israel Hayom Staff, ‘PM: Islamic Jihad Operative Eliminated in Gaza was a Ticking Time-bomb’ Israel Hayom, November 12, 2019, https://www.israelhayom.com/2019/11/12/pm-islamic-jihad-operative-eliminated-in-gaza-was-ticking-time-bomb/.

58 Nicholas Blanford, ‘Twenty-eight Years Ago Hezbollah’s Leader was Assassinated, and Israel Paid a Price’, The Atlantic Council, January 6, 2020, https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/iransource/twenty-eight-years-ago-hezbollahs-leader-was-assassinated-and-israel-paid-a-price/.

59 TOI Staff, ‘South Braces for Possibility of Renewed Fighting after Day of Truce Violations’, Times of Israel, November 14, 2020, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog-november-14-2019/.

60 Bel Trev, ‘Rocket Sirens Sound in Tel Aviv after Israel Kills Islamic Jihad Leader in Gaza’, The Independent, November 12, 2019, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israel-palestine-gaza-jihad-commander-dead-bahaa-abu-el-ata-wife-rocket-sirens-a9199241.html.

61 Captain Gershon, ‘The Iron Dome’ (paper presented at Intelligence Workshop, The Technion, May 5, 2020).

62 Israel Defence Force Spokesman, ‘IDF Strikes Islamic Jihad Commander in Gaza’, Israel Government Website, https://www.idf.il/en/minisites/palestinian-terror/idf-strikes-islamic-jihad-commander-in-gaza/.

63 Major Eliram, Limited War Presentation, Workshop, The Technion, May 5, 2020.

64 Khaled Abu Toameh, Tovah Lazaroff, and Ann Ahronheim, ‘Israel, Islamic Jihad Agree on Ceasefire, IDF Confirms’, The Jerusalem Post, November 14, 2019, https://www.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/gaza-news/islamic-jihad-secretary-general-invited-to-cairo-for-gaza-talks-607783.

65 Josef Federman, Zeina Karam, Albert Aji, and Samy Magdy, ‘Israel Kills Islamic Jihad Leader, Setting off Fierce Clash’, Associated Press, 12 November 2019, https://accesswdun.com/print/2019/11/850198.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Glen Segell

Glen Segell (DPhil, FRGS) is Visiting Professor and Research Fellow in the Department of Political Studies and Governance at the University of the Free State, South Africa and Research Fellow at the Ezri Center for Iran & Gulf States Research, University of Haifa, Israel. He was born in South Africa and educated to a BA and MA at the Hebrew University Jerusalem and to a DPhil at the University of Oxford. He specialises in intelligence studies, civil–military relations, and strategic communications where he also consults as an expert for NATO. He has held teaching and research positions in the United Kingdom, Israel, and South Africa. He holds the rank of Brigadier-General (Reserves). He was involved in active intelligence and offense operations in Iraq, Kuwait, Sudan, and Libya. He has published a substantial number of peer reviewed articles and books.

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