Modulation of the resistance to norfloxacin in Staphylococcus aureus by Bauhinia forficata link

Abstract

Microdilution assays were performed in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the ethanoic extract from the leaves of Bauhinia forficate (EEBF) against different microorganisms. The extract did not present inner antimicrobial activities against the tested strains. However, EEBF was able to modulate the norfloxacin-resistance against Staphylococcus aureus SA1199-B that overproduce the NorA efflux pump, once sub-inhibitory concentrations of EEBF reduced the minimal inhibitory concentratio of the norfloxacin in 87.5%. This modulatory effect was also found when the antibiotic was replaced by ethidium bromide, suggesting that EEBF acts probably by inhibition of NorA, allowing the antibiotic accumulation intracellularly, and making the line more sensitive. These results point out the EEBF potential as a source of NorA inhibitors that could be used in combination with norfloxacin for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. aureus.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Bauhinia forficata
• drug resistance
• efflux pump inhibitors
• infectious diseases

Acknowledgements

We thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Piauí and Universidade Federal do Piauí for their financial support.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.