Impact of untreated and Sargassum wightii-treated brilliant green dye exposure on Indian major carp, Labeo rohita Ham.: hematology, biochemistry, enzymology and histopathology

Abstract

Water pollution due to agricultural and industrial processes may cause adverse biological effects in aquatic organisms such as fishes. The removal of brilliant green (BG) dye from aqueous solution using seaweed Sargassum wightii was carried out. Further, it aimed to evaluate the exposure of BG dye activity on hematological, plasma biochemical, enzymological activities and histopathology of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita as a biomarker. High mortality rate (T₂ 65%) in the fishes exposed to untreated BG dye shows the toxic nature of the dye. Whereas fishes grown in treated BG dye showed less mortality rate (T₃ 25%) and (T₁ 30%) which depicts the less toxicity. The observed behavioral, biochemical, hematological and enzymological parameters were showed a significant increase in the treated BG dye. Extensive histopathological lesions in gill, liver and kidney tissues were observed in untreated BG dye compared to fishes grown in S. wightii-treated BG dye might be due to the stress caused by the toxic presence in the dye. The results concluded that S. wightii-treated BG dye does not have any inhibitory effect which reveals the nontoxic nature.

Keywords:

• Brilliant green dye
• Labeo rohita
• Sargassum wightii

Acknowledgment

The authors thank the Department of Zoology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, for providing laboratory facilities for the study.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.