Electric Vehicle Charging and Batteries Swapping Management Strategy with Photovoltaic Generation in Business Districts

Abstract

The intermittent characteristics of photovoltaic generation present a challenge in its promotion and application in urban loads on the distribution network level. Integrated construction of photovoltaic generation, battery storage stations, and electric vehicles (EVs) provides a reasonable solution for photovoltaic applications in cities. With the increase in EVs, business districts (BDs) have become popular for EV charging and parking. By considering photovoltaic power and commuter demand, a new BD framework is proposed in this paper; this includes a battery swapping area, a quick charging area, and a slow charging area. Moreover, based on a multi-agent model, an EV charging management strategy is proposed. The feasibility of the BD framework and the rationality of the energy management strategy are verified in a simulation of 96 time slots. The EV charging management strategy realizes power shifting in the slow charging area, and, with the enhanced use of photovoltaic power, the total cost of EV charging can be decreased in BDs.

Keywords:

• photovoltaic power
• electric vehicle
• energy management
• multi-agent model
• liner programing

Additional information

Funding

The work is partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFB0902900), the National Science Foundation of China (No. 51277135), and the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science project (17YJCZH212).

Notes on contributors

Yuan Liu

Yuan Liu received his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan, China, in 2016. Since then, he has been working toward his master's degree in electrical engineering at Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan, China. His research interests include distribution network planning, electric vehicle charging management, and renewables.

Jun Yang

Jun Yang received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China, in 1999, 2002, and 2006, respectively. Since 2006, he has held teaching and associate professor positions at Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan, China. He was a visiting researcher at University of Rhode Island, USA, in 2013–2014. From 2016, he has been working as a professor at the School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University. He is the author of more than 50 technical papers published in journals and conference proceedings. His research areas include optimal dispatching of electric vehicles and operation and control of power grids.

Yang Wang

Yang Wang works as an engineer at the Energy Research Institute in State Grid, Beijing, China. Her research area includes electrical power system planning.

Yufeng Chai

Yufeng Chai works as an engineer at the Energy Research Institute in State Grid, Beijing, China. Her research area includes the economics of electrical power systems.

Jian Xu

Jian Xu received his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Wuhan University, Hubei, China, in 2007. From 2016, he has been working as a professor at the School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University. His research interest includes power system control and smart grids.