An Online Prime Dual Approach for Energy Cost Management in Standalone Microgrid with Optimized PMU

Abstract

The integration of renewable energy sources, battery banks, AC Loads, and DC Loads into standalone microgrids poses a significant challenge for energy management. This study aims to address these challenges by proposing an energy cost management model based on the online prime dual approach. The proposed model uses a real-time adaptation of PMU points, voltage range, and frequency variations to determine the energy deficit in existing standalone microgrids and battery bank charging levels. To account for energy savings, the study considers automatic scheduling of event sequences to prevent unwanted activities from being renewed every hour. The proposed model shows a significant improvement in power sharing, energy cost, and PMU controllability with response time and accuracy. The study presents the percentage of power sharing with energy costs of the proposed energy monitoring in standalone microgrids with minimal PMU locations for different expanses ranging from 20% to 90%. The cost savings of various modes can range from Rs. 5 to Rs. 7 for all expanses within a wide control range.

Keywords:

• online monitoring
• microgrid
• PMU
• prime-dual algorithm
• energy management

Acknowledgment

There is no acknowledgement involved in this work.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study

Conflict of Interest

Conflict of Interest is not applicable in this work.

Authorship Contributions

There is no authorship contribution

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

No participation of humans takes place in this implementation process

Human and Animal Rights

No violation of Human and Animal Rights is involved.

Additional information

Funding

No funding is involved in this work.

Notes on contributors

Sreevidya Lingan

Sreevidya Lingan working as an Assistant professor in the Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering at V.S.B. College of Engineering Technical Campus, Coimbatore. She is having teaching experience of 7+ years in various institutions in Tamil Nadu. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D in the Stream of Electrical & Electronics engineering at Anna University Chennai. Her main research interests are power system analysis, transmission & distribution, power quality, renewable energy resources.

Prabha Subramaniam Umapathy

Prabha Subramaniam Umapathy received her Ph.D degree in 2010 from Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Malaysia. She received her M.E degree in Electrical Machines from PSG College of Technology, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore in the year 1997, and her B.E degree in Electrical & Electronics Engineering from Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore in the year 1993. She has also pursued her MBA in Education Management. She possesses 28 years of teaching experience and around two decades of research experience. She is also having 10 years of International experience in teaching and research. Currently she is the Head of the Institution at Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. She has published her research work in many international journals and international conferences. She has received funding to the tune of 50 Lakhs from various funding agencies like UGC, AICTE, MNRE, ISTE, IEEE, etc. She is having 2 Copyrights and 4 patents. She has visited countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia for academic and research purposes. She is a recognized research supervisor of Anna University, Chennai. Her main research interests are power system analysis, power system optimization, power system stability, power quality issues and renewable energy resources.