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Abstract
The article analyses the title page of Vico’s New Science in light of Hiroshi Sugimoto’s series Theaters and the emblematic of Goodrich and Legendre, showing how the rhetorical tradition of Italian legal humanism and the Japanese visual culture conceive a vision of Law and Humanities that opposes Cartesian rationalism and the logocentrism of contemporary legal positivism. Visual legal studies question the perspective in painting, theater and cinema, and its cultural and political implications at the time of the media revolution and the emergence of the normativity of the image.
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1 Giambattista Vico, Principj di Scienza Nuova d’intorno alla comune natura delle nazioni, 3 ed (Napoli: Muziana, 1744) now in Giambattista Vico, La Scienza Nuova. Le tre edizioni del 1725, 1730 e 1744. A cura di Manuela Sanna e Vincenzo Vitiello (Milano: Bompiani 2012), Dipintura proposta nel frontespizio che serve come idea dell’opera, 780; En trans. New Science translated from the third edition, by Thomas Goddard Bergin and Max Harold Fish (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1948) Explanation facing page of the Picture Placed as Frontispiece to Serve as Introduction to the Work.
2 “L’invention de la modernité à Naples”, Archives de philosophie 80, no. 3 (2017).
3 Richard Sherwin, “Sublime Jurisprudence: On the Ethical Education of the Legal Imagination in Our Time”, Chicago-Kent Law Review 83, no. 3 (2008): 1157–996; Richard Sherwin, Visualizing Law in the Age of the Digital Baroque. Arabesques and Entaglement (London and New York: Routledge, 2011).
4 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico. La retorica come scienza e l’alternativa alla gnoseologia moderna (Lavis: La Finestra, 2016).
5 For the concept of Law as Humanities, Paolo Heritier, Humanities. Umanesimo e svolta affettiva, in Dimensioni del diritto, eds. Alberto Andronico, Tommaso Greco, and Fabio Macioce (Torino: Giappichelli 2019), 441–68; e Paolo Heritier, Law as Humanities, in Angela Condello, Paolo Heritier, a c. di., Law and Humanities in Italia (Roma: Carocci, 2021).
6 Giambattista Vico, De universi iuris uno principio et fine uno, Liber Alter – De Constantia Jurisprudentis, Pars Posterior II – De principiis humanitatis (1720); in Giambattista Vico, Opere giuridiche (Firenze: Sansoni 1974), 401; A Translation into English of Giambattista Vico’s Universal Law (Lewinston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2011).
7 Norberto Bobbio, Comandi e consigli, in Studi per una teoria generale del diritto (Torino: Giappichelli, 2012), 39–64.
8 Paolo Heritier, Estetica Giuridica. A partire da Legendre: il fondamento finzionale del diritto positivo. 2 vol. 2 (Torino: Giappichelli, 2012).
9 In the endless bibliography on the subject, at least William John Thomas Mitchell, Picture Theory Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1994).
10 Richard Sherwin Anne Wagner, eds., Law, Culture and Visual Studies (Dordrecht: Springer, 2014).
11 Hans Georg Gadamer, Truth and Method [1975] (London: Continuum, 20042).
12 Giuseppe Mazzotta, The New Map of the World: The Poetic Philosophy of Giambattista Vico (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999).
13 Joseph Mali, The Rehabilitation of Myth: Vico’s New Science (Cambridge: Cambdrige University Press, 1992).
14 Michael Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985), 177.
15 Michael Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 36.
16 Ibid., 29.
17 Giambattista Vico, De Antiquissima Italorum Sapientia ex linguae latinae originibus eruenda [1710], ora in Giambattista Vico, Metafisica e metodo (Bompiani: Milano, 2008), En. Transl. by Jason Taylor, On the most Ancient Wisdom of the Italians (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010).
18 Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 54.
19 Andreas Alciatus, Emblemata. Il libro degli Emblemi [1530–34] (Torino Einaudi, 2009); En. transl. Peter Daly et al., eds., Index Emblematicus I & II (Toronto: Toronto University Press, 1985).
20 Peter Goodrich, Legal Emblems and the Art of Law: Obiter Depicta as a Vision of Governance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014).
21 Pierre Legendre, Lesson III, God in the Mirror. A Study of the Institution of the Images [1994] (London: Routdlege 2019); Pierre Legendre, Law and the Unconscious. A Legendre Reader, ed. by Peter Goodrich (Houndmills: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1997).
22 Peter Goodrich, Lion Barshack, Anton Schütz (eds.), Law, Text, Terror. Essays for Pierre Legendre (Abingdon, New York: Glass House Press, 2006).
23 Peter Goodrich, A Theory of Nomogram, 14, in Peter Goodrich, Lion Barshack, Anton Schütz (eds.), Law, Text, Terror. Essays for Pierre Legendre (Abingdon: Glass House Press, 2006).
24 Peter Goodrich, A Theory of Nomogram, 14.
25 Ibid., 15.
26 Ibid., 17.
27 Ibid., 20.
28 Ibid., 19.
29 Peter Goodrich, A Theory of Nomogram, 24 ss; Pierre Legendre, Leçons I, La 901e Conclusion. Étude sur le théâtre de la Raison (Fayard: Paris, 1999), 67, Paolo Heritier, Law and Image: Towards a Theory of Nomograms, in Anne Wagner and Richard Sherwin, Law, Culture and Visual, 25–49.
30 Biörn Quiring, ed., Then the World a Theatre Present: Revisions of the Theatrum Mundi Metaphor in Early Modern England (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2014).
31 Gabriele Pedullà, In piena luce. I nuovi spettatori e il sistema delle arti (Milano: Bompiani 2008), En. trans. In Braod Daylight. Movie and Spectators after the Cinema (London: Verso, 2012).
32 Peter Goodrich, Valérie Hayaert, Introduction: the Emblematic Cube, in Genealogies of Legal Vision, eds. Peter Goodrich and Valérie Hayaert (Abingdon: Routledge, 2015).
33 Paolo Heritier, “Vico’s Scienza Nuova: Sematology and Thirdness in the Law,” International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 33, no. 4 (2020), Special Issue: The Reasonable Interpreter. Perspectives on Legal and Non-Legal Semiotics: 1125–1142; Paolo Heritier, “Provvedenza vichiana e metodo clinico legale della Terzietà”, in Flora Di Donato, Paolo Heritier, “L’ ‘attualità nuova’ di Vico e la clinica legale della disabilità. Diritto e metodo umanistico,” in Teoria e Critica della regolazione sociale (TCRS), Mimesis, Milano 1/2018, 117–42.
34 Donald Philip Verene, ed. Vico and Joyce (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987).
35 Hans Belting, Invisible Movies in Sugimoto’s Theaters, in Iconoclash. Beyond the Image War in Science, Religion and Art, eds. Bruno Latour and Peter Weibel (Cambridge, MA: ZKM and Mit Press, 2002), 423–6.
36 Hiroshi Sugimoto, Theathers (Bologna: Damiani, 2016), Teatro dei Rinnovati, Siena, 2014. The Sugimoto’s photo of ‘Teatro dei Rinnovati’ at https://www.mariangoodman.com/artists/65-hiroshi-sugimoto/works/41395/ (accessed December 12, 2020).
37 Hiroshi Sugimoto, Theathers (Florence: Cinema Odeon, 2013). The Sugimoto’s photo of ‘Cinema Odeon, Florence’ at https://www.artsy.net/artwork/hiroshi-sugimoto-cinema-odeon-firenze-2 (accessed December 12, 2020).
38 Pierre Legendre, De la société comme Texte. Linéaments d’une anthropologie dogmatique (Paris: Fayard, 2001).
39 J. Lacan, Le Séminaire, Livre XXIII, Le Sinthome,1975–76 (Paris: Seuil, 2005).
40 Baldine Saint-Girons, “Vico, Freud et Lacan”, in A. Tosel, sous dir. de, La “Scienza Nuova”
de Giambattista Vico, Noesis, 2005, pp. 259–84 e Baldine Saint-Girons, Il Sublime (Bologna: Il Mulino, 2006).
41 Valerie Hayaert, Mens Emblematica e humanisme juridique. La cas du Pegma cum narrationibus philosophicis de Pierre Coustau (1555) (Droz: Geneva, 2008).
42 Horst Bredekamp, Image Act. A Systematic Approach to Visual Agency (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2017).
43 Giambattista Vico, The New Science, 3–23.
44 Giambattista Vico, The New Science, 1–23; Paolo Heritier, Tra il vero e il fatto: estetica della giustizia in Vico. Glosse sulla ‘Dipintura’ come ‘Idea dell’Opera’ nella ‘Scienza Nuova’, in Rifrazioni anomale dell’idea di giustizia, eds. G. Rossi, C. Pedrazza Gorlero, and D. Velo Dalbrenta (Napoli: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, 2018), 235–58.
45 Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1978).
46 Paolo Heritier, Tra il vero e il fatto.
47 Giambattista Vico, The New Science, 23.
48 For the concept of ‘digital baroque’, Richard Sherwin, Visualizing law in the Age of the Digital Baroque. Arabesques and entanglements; Guglielmo Siniscalchi, Barocco Giuridico. Osservatori, osservanti, spettatori (Milano: Franco Angeli, 2017).
49 Enzo Paci, Ingens Sylva. Saggio sulla filosofia di Giambattista Vico (Milano: Bompiani, 1949), 185–6.
50 Michael Money, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 52–4.
51 Giambattista Vico, Le orazioni inaugurali: I-VI.
52 Baldine Saint-Girons, Il Sublime.
53 Enzo Paci, Ingens Sylva, 187.
54 B. Croce, La filosofia di G.B. Vico (Bari: Laterza, 1911), 39.
55 Isaiah Berlin, Vico e Herder. Two Studies in the History of Ideas (London: Chatto&Windus, 1976).
56 Mario Papini, Il geroglifico della storia, Significato e funzione della dipintura nella «Scienza Nuova» di G.B. Vico (Bologna: Cappelli, 1984),108.
57 Giambattista Vico, On the Most Ancient Wisdom of the Italians.
58 Giambattista Vico, Universal Law.
59 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico.92.
60 M. Papini, Il geroglifico della storia, 112.
61 Paolo Heritier, “Legal Liturgies. The Aesthetic Foundations of Positive Law,” Polemos 8 (2014): 137–52.
62 Michael Money, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 174–6.
63 Giambattista Vico, New Science, 381. See Maria Donzelli, L’età dei barbari. Giambattista Vico e il nostro tempo (Roma: Donzelli, 2019), in particolare 85–106.
64 Maurizio Manzin, Argmentazione giuridica e retorica forense (Torino: Giappichelli, 2014).
65 Chaïm Perelman, New Rhetoric. A Treatise on Argumentation (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1969).
66 Andrea Battistini, “Le tendenze attuali degli studi vichiani,” in Vico oggi, ed. Andrea Battistini (Roma: Armando Armando, 1979), 13.
67 Manuela Sanna, Storia della fortuna de G.B. Vico, in La Scienza Nuova, le tre edizioni del 1725, del 1730 e del 1744, 1266–81 e ivi Bibliografia Vichiana, 1282–1300.
68 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico.6.
69 Gianfranco Cantelli, Mente, corpo, linguaggio. Saggio sull’interpretazione vichiana del mito (Firenze: Sansoni, 1986).
70 Jacques Derrida, On Grammatology (Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1988).
71 Jürgen Trabant, Vico’s New Science of Ancient Sign (London: Routledge, 2004); Jürgen Trabant, Giambattista Vico. Poetische Charaktere (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019).
72 Paolo Heritier, “Vico’s Scienza Nuova: Sematology and Thirdness in the Law.”
73 Paolo Heritier (2020), Body and Image. Vico, Suzuki, and Nam June Paik. Critique of Western Logocentrism, in Diaphanes. Art and Philosophy. The Bulletin of Atsushi Okada Laboratory Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 1–19.
74 Paolo Heritier, Provvedenza vichiana e metodo clinico legale della Terzietà, in F. Di Donato, P Heritier, L’ “attualità nuova” di Vico e la clinica legale della disabilità. Diritto e metodo umanistico, Teoria e critica della regolazione sociale (TCRS), 1/2018, 117–42.
75 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 104.
76 Ibid.
77 Michael Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 79–82.
78 Hans Belting, Beyond Iconoclasm. Nam June Paik. The Zen Gaze and the Escape from Representation, in Latour, B., Weibel, P. eds., Iconoclash. 390–411.
79 Giambattista Vico [1711, 1738], Institutiones oratoriae, a cura di Giuliano Crifò (Napoli: Istituto Suor Orsola Benincasa, 1989), text almost ignored by critics.
80 Giambattista Vico, Orazioni inaugurali I-VI.
81 Edward Wadie Said, Humanism and Democratic Criticism (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004).
82 Giuseppe Mazzotta, The New Map of the World.
83 Giambattista Vico, New Science, Elements LIII, 67.
84 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 9.
85 Ibid., 10.
86 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 11, Andrea Battistini, 8.
87 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 23.
88 Ibid., 27.
89 Giambattista Vico, Institutiones Oratoriae, 46–50.
90 Giambattista Vico, New Science, 123. Gualtieri, 72,
91 Giancarlo Belloni, Della logica poetica: favola, mito, idea e parola, in Vico tra l’Italia e la Francia, a cura di Manuela Sanna e Alessandro Stile (Napoli: Guida, 2000), 109–33.
92 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 153.
93 Giambattista Vico, New Science, 105–7.
94 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 156. Anche Romana Bassi, Favole vere e severe. Sulla fondazione antropologica del mito nell’opera vichiana (Roma: Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, 2004), 120–9. Vincenzo Cartari, Le imagini de i dèi de li antichi (Venetia: Valgrisi, 1556), 339–40, Andreas Alciatus, Index Emblematicus.
95 Andrea Battistini, “Teoria delle imprese e linguaggio iconico vichiano,” in “Bollet. Del Centro di Studi vichiani”, XIV-XV (1984–85), 149–77 (150,166), Mario Papini, Il geroglifico della storia, 157–301.
96 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 81.
97 Paolo Heritier, Estetica giuridica, vol. II; Paolo Heritier: Legal Liturgies: The Aesthetic Foundations of Positive Law, in Polemos, de Gruyter, Dordrecht, 8, 2014, 137–52.
98 Donald Philip Verene, ed., Vico and Joyce (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1987).
99 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 59.
100 Pierre Legendre, La Passion d'être un autre. Etude pour la danse (Paris: Seuil, 1978).
101 Alberto Andronico, Viaggio al termine del diritto. Saggio sulla governance (Torino: Giappichelli, 2012).
102 Baldine Saint-Girons, “Vico, Freud et Lacan”.
103 Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein, Nudge. Improving Decisions about Health, Happiness, and Wealth (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008).
104 Jean-Pierre Dupuy, On the Origins of Cognitive Science. The Mechanization of the Mind (Princeton, NJ: MIT, 2009).
105 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 177.
106 Giambattista Vico, Universal Law.
107 Giuseppe Patella, Giambattista Vico. Tra Barocco e Postmoderno (Milano: Mimesis, 2005, 76).
108 Roland Barthes, Mythologies (London: Paladin, 1973).
109 Marcel Danesi, Giambattista Vico and the Cognitive Science Enterprise (New York: Peter Lang, 1995).
110 Richard Sherwn, Visualizing Law, 135.
111 Michael Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 241.
112 Ibid., 242.
113 Ibid., 258.
114 Charles Sanders Peirce, Collected papers. Vol. VII, 7.220 (Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press), 139.
115 Michael Mooney, Vico in the Tradition of Rhetoric, 261–2.
116 Pierangelo Sequeri, Deontologia del fondamento (Torino: Giappichelli, 2020), Fernando Bellelli, Percorsi storici della pedagogia giuridica. Vico, Rosmini e la dignitas hominis (Roma: Aracne, 2020).
117 Giuseppe Patella, Giambattista Vico, 117.
118 Giambattista Vico, Vita scritta da se medesimo, in Opere (Milano: Mondadori, 2005), 5–85; En transl. by Max Fisch, Thomas Bergin, Authobiography of Giambattista Vico (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1963).
119 Gaetano Antonio Gualtieri, Giambattista Vico, 172.
120 Per questo aspetto, si veda Ernesto Grassi, Vico and Humanism, Essays on Vico, Heidegger and Rhetoric (New York: Peter Lang, 1990).
121 Hans Belting, An Anthropology of Images. Picture, Medium, Body (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press), 53.
122 Hiroshi, Sugimoto, Interior Cinema, in Theaters (Bologna: Damiani, 2016)
123 Hiroshi, Sugimoto, Interior Cinema, 5.
124 Ibid.
125 Hiroshi, Sugimoto, Interior Cinema, 6.
126 Hans Belting, Invisible Movies in Sugimoto’s ‘Theaters’ in Bruno Latour, Peter Weigel eds., 423–7.
127 Hans Belting, Invisible Movies in Sugimoto’s ‘Theaters’, 425.
128 Hiroshi Sugmoto, Five elements, https://www.sugimotohiroshi.com/five-elements, consulted on April 20, 2020
129 Hans Belting, Invisible Movies in Sugimoto’s ‘Theaters’, 426.
130 Dōgen, Uji/ je suis temps, Shōbōgenzō transl. Charles Vacher, postface Françoise Dastur, photographie de Hiroshi Sugimoto (Paris: Encre marine, 1997, 2019), 88.
131 Robin Evans, The Projective Cast. Architecture and Its Three Geometries (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1995), 131.
132 Erwin Panofsky, The Perspective as Symbolic Form (New York: Zone Books, 1991), 57.
133 Pierre Legendre, De la Société comme Texte. Linéaments d’une Anthropologie Dogmatique (Paris: Fayard, 2001).
134 Erwin Panofsky, The Perspective as Symbolic Form, 72.
135 Hans Belting, Florence and Bagdad. Renaissance Art and Arab Science (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2011).
136 Hiroshi Sugimoto, Christianty and Tea Ceremony, in Hiroshi Sugimoto: Gates of Paradise (New York: Skira Rizzoli, 2017), 179.
137 Parven Adams, “Out of Sight, Out of Body: The Sugimoto Demand Effect,” in Gray Room. Vol. 22 (MIT Press, 2006), 86–104 (96, 98); Jacques Lacan, The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis (London: The Hogarth Press, 1977), 96. See also Jacques Lacan, Le Seminaire XXIII, Le synthome 1975–76 (Paris: Seuil, 2005); Paolo Heritier, Nodi nelle Law and Humanities: Vico, Joyce, Lacan, in A. Andronico, a cura di, La legge di Lacan. Psicoanalisi e teoria del diritto, TCRS 2/2016, 139–64; Richard Sherwin, Visualizing Law in the Age of Digital Baroque, 34, 118.
138 Pierre Legendre, De la société comme Texte.
139 Gabrielle Pedullà, In Broad Daylight: Movies and Spectators After the Cinema (London, New York: Verso, 2012), 57–8.
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Paolo Heritier
Paolo Heritier is full professor of philosophy of law at the University of Eastern Piedmont and co-director of the journal Theory and Critics of Social Regulation. His publications range from epistemology to legal aesthetics, legal disability studies, humanist rhetorical methodology and the communicative use of new technologies.