Influence of Agroclimatic Conditions on Active Substances Content in Hemp Cultivated in the South-East Baltic Region

ABSTRACT

Influence of agroclimatic conditions on active substances content in hemp cultivated in the South-East Baltic region Abstract: Due to legal regulations prohibiting cultivation of cannabis (Cannabis indica Lam.) in many countries, industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) remains the main source of active substances with potential application in the pharmaceutical industry. To assess the possibility of using the varieties of industrial hemp for this goal, and their adaptation to the habitat conditions and the agricultural technology appropriate for them, we investigated three monoecious varieties of hemp (‘Futura 75,’ ‘KC Dora’ and ‘Tygra’) at different sowing densities (60 germinating seeds·1 m² or 180 germinating seeds·1 m²) and nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 30, 60, 90 kg·ha⁻¹). In none of the tested hemp varieties registered as fibrous did the concentration of Δ⁹-THC exceed 0.2%, satisfying the requirements of European legislation for industrial hemp varieties. The tested varieties did not differ significantly in the cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ⁹- tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹ -THC) content in the dry matter of inflorescences. Agronomic factors such as sowing density or nitrogen fertilization did not modify the content of CBD and Δ⁹-THC. This result is very helpful for farmers, because it allows them to select hemp varieties of dual-purpose production (stems and inflorescences or stems and seeds) adapted to the South-East Baltic environment.

摘要

农业气候条件对波罗的海东南部地区种植的大麻中活性物质含量的影响摘要:;由于许多国家的法律法规禁止种植大麻，工业大麻仍然是制药业中可能应用的活性物质的主要来源. 为了评估利用工业大麻品种实现这一目标的可能性，以及它们对生境条件和农业技术的适应性，我们调查了三个大麻雌雄同株品种（Futura 75），不同播种密度（60粒发芽种子·1m2或180粒发芽种子·1m2）和施氮水平（0、30、60、90kg·ha-1）下的‘KC-Dora’和‘Tygra’）. 在所有登记为纤维的大麻品种中，Δ9-THC的浓度均未超过0.2%，满足欧洲法规对工业大麻品种的要求. 供试品种花序干物质中大麻酚（CBD）和Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）含量差异不显著. 播种密度和施氮量等农艺因素对CBD和Δ9-THC含量没有影响. 这一结果对农民非常有帮助，因为它使他们能够选择适应波罗的海东南部环境的大麻两用品种（茎和花序或茎和种子）.

KEYWORDS:

• Cannabis sativa
• agrotechnology
• weather conditions
• δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol
• cannabidiol
• sowing density

关键词:;:

• 大麻
• 农业技术
• 天气状况
• Δ9-四氢大麻酚
• 大麻二酚
• 播种密度

Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Polish National Centre of Research and Development (INNOMED/I/11/NCBR/2014) and by the Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, resolution of the Council of Ministers no: 171/2017.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Polish National Centre of Research and Development [INNOMED/I/11/NCBR/2014]; Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development [no: 171/2017].