Elaboration and Study of the Properties of a Polyester Composite Made of Oleaster Fibers Treated and Untreated

ABSTRACT

In this study, we have harvested natural oleaster (wild olive) fibers, processed and characterized in terms of physicochemical performance as well as mechanical properties. The main constituents of oleaster fibers with their weight proportions are cellulose (38.11%), lignin (19.4%), and ash (3.1%). The specific density of the oleaster fiber is measured to (1.40256 g cm⁻³). The average elastic modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at the break of composites made from polymer resin and oleaster fibers (untreated and treated with 20% acetic anhydride) have undergone an improvement in mechanical properties, respectively, an elastic modulus of 8.39 MPa for a deformation of 0.48334% against for the treated composite with the deformation of 3.95%for an elastic modulus of 55.53 MPa. Their Young moduli are 41.029 GPa for the untreated fiber composite and 93.19 GPa for the acetic anhydride treated fiber composite, respectively. We have also studied the effects of acetic anhydride treatment on the mechanical properties and structure of the fibers. When treated with 20% acetic anhydride for 2 h, the tensile strength of oleaster fibers had increased significantly. A longer treatment time did not show any appreciable improvement. However, the tensile strength remained higher than the tensile strength for untreated fibers.

摘要

在这项研究中, 我们采集了天然橄榄纤维, 并对其进行了理化性能和机械性能方面的加工和表征. 紫菀纤维的主要成分及其重量比例为纤维素 (38.11%), 木质素 (19.4%) 和灰分 (3.1%). 紫菀纤维的特定密度测量为 (1.40256 gcm-3). 平均弹性模量, 由聚合物树脂和油酸酯纤维 (未经处理和经20%醋酐处理) 制成的复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的机械性能得到了改善, 分别为8.39 MPa (变形为0.48334%) 和3.95% (变形为55.53 MPa). 未处理纤维复合材料的杨氏模量为41.029 GPa, 醋酸酐处理纤维复合材料的杨氏模量为93.19 GPa. 我们还研究了醋酸酐处理对纤维力学性能和结构的影响. 用20%的醋酸酐处理2小时后, 紫菀纤维的抗拉强度显著提高. 更长的治疗时间没有显示出任何明显的改善. 然而, 拉伸强度仍然高于未处理纤维的拉伸强度.

KEYWORDS:

• Oleaster fiber
• mechanical properties
• chemical treatment
• acetic anhydride treatment

关键词:

• 橄榄纤维
• 机械性能
• 化学处理
• 醋酸酐处理

Acknowledgments

The authors are very grateful to (Prof. M. Keddam, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria) for this valuable help during the revision step of the submitted manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).