Extraction and Characterization of Nano Fibers from Cotton Fibers and Its Composite

ABSTRACT

In this paper, an extraction and characterization of nano fibrils has been performed to understand the behavior of cotton fibers. Basically, fibers are used to form some light weight composite materials and they provide strength to matrix, but a natural fiber contains number of bio-properties which are not necessary to build up a composite material. So, here a quality method is required to extract those properties from it. Many researches had been performed over the extraction method of unnecessary properties from natural fibers. Cellulose is the only property of natural fibers which helps to increase the tensile strength of natural fibers. To extract the cellulose from the cotton, natural fibers undergo some chemical treatments such as alkali treatment, bleaching, and acidic treatment. After the extraction of cellulose, fiber undergoes various testing for the morphological and thermal behavior of extracted fibers. These tested fibers were used to make composite. Validation and designing of composite had been done by using ANSYS. After development of composite using epoxy as a matrix, these composites went under some non-destructive and destructive testing.

摘要

本文对纳米纤维进行了提取和表征, 以了解棉纤维的行为. 基本上, 纤维用于形成一些轻质复合材料, 同时也为基体提供强度, 但天然纤维包含许多生物特性, 这些特性对于构建复合材料来说是不必要的. 因此, 这里需要一种质量方法来从中提取这些属性. 许多研究都在探索从天然纤维中提取不必要性质的方法. 纤维素是天然纤维的唯一特性, 有助于提高天然纤维的抗拉强度. 为了从棉花中提取纤维素, 天然纤维要经过一些化学处理, 如碱处理, 漂白和酸处理. 提取纤维素后, 对提取纤维的形态和热性能进行各种测试. 这些被测试的纤维被用来制造复合材料. 利用ANSYS对复合材料进行了验证和设计. 在开发出以环氧树脂为基体的复合材料后, 这些复合材料进行了一些无损和破坏性测试.

KEYWORDS:

• Steam explosion
• alkali treatment
• XRD
• optical microscopy
• SEM
• composite

关键词:

• 蒸汽爆炸
• 碱处理
• 射线衍射
• 光学显微镜
• 混合成的

Highlights

• Gossypium hirsutism has more cellulose content in comparison with Gossypium arborium.

• Very cheap way to extract nano fibers from chemicals.

• Cellulose provides tensile strength.

• 1 nm diameter was observed after performing chemical treatment on cotton fibres.

• Chemically treated cotton fibres, which are used with a weight percentage of 50% fibre and 50% epoxy, give maximum elongation.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.