Urine Biochemistry of a Human Fetus with Urinary Tract Obstruction – A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction

Fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) can be mild or severe with oligohydramnios, renal dysplasia and pulmonary hypoplasia. Fetal urine biochemical markers correlate with fetal prognosis and, if favorable, surgical intervention is feasible.

Methods

We report a patient in her 18th gestational week whose fetus was diagnosed with LUTO and underwent fetal urine sampling for calcium, sodium, chloride, beta2-microglobulin and total protein of the routine LUTO panel, with the addition of creatinine, glucose, phosphate, urea, ammonia, albumin, and NGAL.

Results

Although the routine fetal urine biochemistry seemed to be favorably trending favorably, sodium, beta2-microglobulin, glucose, and urea did not decrease to the reference ranges, and ammonia and creatinine were lower than the reference ranges. Ultrasound demonstrated no improvement of the obstruction.

Conclusions

This case highlights the need to acquire further experience with biochemical fetal urine markers in order to better manage LUTO.

Keywords:

• LUTO
• urine biochemical markers
• fetal prognosis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.