Assessment of oxidative stability of biodiesel and biodiesel blends

ABSTRACT

This research investigates the oxidative stability of biodiesel blends produced from macauba and soybean after being stored for 45 and 90 days. The stability was evaluated through specific mass, kinematic viscosity, and water content measurements. The results showed a significant increase in water content and acidity index values during storage, particularly in the first 45 days. However, at time zero, the acidity index of all samples was below the established limit, but after 90 days of storage, only the BM100 sample remained below the limit. The fatty acid composition of macauba oil was determined by gas chromatography, and it presented 65.01% saturated fatty acids and 34.99% unsaturated fatty acids, with a higher predominance of maluric fatty acid at 36.37%. The physical-chemical characteristics of macauba oil, including acidity index, viscosity, and oxidation stability, were also determined. The acidity index of macauba oil was found to be 1.00 mg KOH/g, which is at the maximum limit for alkaline transesterification for biodiesel synthesis. The low viscosity of macauba oil (31.92 mm²/s) is justified by its composition rich in c12 uric acid, while the fatty acid composition may be responsible for the high oxidative stability. Spectroscopy in the infrared region was used to determine the chemical composition of soybean biodiesel, macauba biodiesel, and their blends.

KEYWORDS:

• Biodiesel blends
• oxidative stability
• storage

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Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Authors Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [Sivashankar Arumugam], [Ravikumar Muthaiyan] and [Silambarasan Rajendran]. All authors read and approved the final manuscript

Ethical Approval

This paper has no ethical issue (not working on animal or human issues).

Consent to Participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent to Publish

All of the authors have read and approved the paper for publication. We confirmed that it has not been published previously nor is it being considered by any other peer-reviewed journal.

Correction Statement

This article was originally published with errors, which have now been corrected in the online version. Please see Correction (https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2024.2371189)

Additional information

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript

Notes on contributors

Sivashankar Arumugam

Mr.Sivashankar Arumugam is an Associate Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Jayalakshmi Institute of Thoppur, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. He is actively involved in teaching and research in the area of Thermal, Energy, Fuels, Solar and IC Engines.

Ravikumar Muthaiyan

Dr.Ravikumar Muthaiyan is an Associate Professor and Doctoral Supervisor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. He received his Ph.D. (Engg.) from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. He is actively involved in teaching and research in the area of Thermal, Energy, Fuels, Solar and IC Engines.

Silambarasan Rajendran

Dr.Silambarasan Rajendran is an Associate Professor and Doctoral Supervisor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Annapoorana Engineering College, Salem, Tamil Nadu,India. He received his Ph.D. (Engg.) from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. He is actively involved in teaching and research in the area of Thermal, Energy, Fuels, Solar and IC Engines.