https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-5601
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ABSTRACT
This manuscript proposes an optimal phase locked loop (PLL) based control method for voltage source inverter (VSI) of grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed work in this manuscript is an extended version of the paper presented in IEEE ICEPE-2020 conference, in which a sliding discrete Fourier transform (SDFT) and moving average filter (MAF) are resorted for the extraction of fundamental grid frequency and phase angle. Through extensive simulations and hardware experiments, it is demonstrated that the proposed method achieves a phase angle tracking accuracy of 0.05 deg and a grid frequency tracking error of less than 0.01 Hz under varying grid conditions. The adaptive and preferable tracking of phase angle as well as grid frequency ensures the generation of reference grid currents properly, which enhances the novelty of proposed work. Additionally, the JAYA optimization is used to extract the proportional and integral (PI) gain of PLL’s phase detector, resulting in approximately 90% reduction in settling time and 60% improvement in steady-state error compared to conventional methods. To minimize the overshoot and undershoot from DC-link voltage during loading condition, the current gain of an outer DC-link voltage control loop was added with modified quadrature axis current gain, resulting in a 30% reduction in transient voltage deviations. Further, numerous operational VSI with proper control retains the power management capability to set the seal on consumers requirement and mitigates the power quality (PQ) issues. Finally, with the help of MATLAB/Simulink studies and dSPACE-1104-based real time hardware setup, the accomplishment of proposed work is well validated.
Abbreviations
| PLL | = | phase locked loop |
| VSI | = | voltage source inverter |
| PV | = | photovoltaic |
| SDFT | = | sliding discrete Fourier transform |
| MAF | = | moving average filter |
| PI | = | proportional and integral |
| PQ | = | power quality |
| RES | = | renewable energy source |
| PCC | = | point of common coupling |
| PWM | = | pulse width modulation |
| InC | = | incremental conductance |
| MPPT | = | maximum power point tracking |
| SRF | = | synchronous reference frame |
| DDSRF | = | decoupled double synchronous reference frame |
| FFNS | = | fundamental frequency negative sequence |
| LPF | = | low pass filter |
| SOGI | = | second order generalized integrator |
| FFPS | = | fundamental frequency positive sequence |
| MSOGI | = | modified second order generalized integrator |
| DMFOGI | = | dual multi-layer fifth-order generalized integrator |
| MROGI | = | modified reduced order generalized integrator |
| CDSC | = | cascaded delayed signal cancellation |
| DSC | = | delayed signal cancellation |
| DFT | = | discrete Fourier transform |
| ACT | = | adaptive Clark transform |
| THD | = | total harmonics distortion |
| NCO | = | numerically controlled oscillator |
| ADC | = | analog to digital converter |
| VCO | = | voltage controlled oscillator |
| ISE | = | integral square error |
| PF | = | power factor, |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2024.2376326
Data availability statement
Most of the data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this manuscript. Furthermore, some data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.