![Sample our Politics & International Relations journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5947/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Politics-International-Relations.jpg"})
Abstract
While territorial integrity is largely described as the norm in post-1945 Western Europe, this article shows that it is not one in twentieth century history. This article examines the post-World War I formation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia at the Paris Peace Conference and the internationally supervised formation of the post-Yugoslav states in the 1990s. It argues that each time multinational entities dissolved and new states were formed in the name of self-determination, territorial rescaling had direct consequences for the status and rights of domestic populations leading to ethnic and citizenship stratifications further supported by international supervisory regimes.
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank the organisers of this Special Issue, the editors of Ethnopolitics, the anonymous reviewer and the participants to the workshop related to this publication organised in Neuchâtel in December 2017 for their helpful comments. I also wish to thank Christian Reus-Smit, Jennifer Welsh, Eddie Keene, George Lawson, Heather Rae and Émilien Fargues for earlier comments on parts of the argument.
Notes
1. ‘Yugoslav’ means south Slav in Serbo-Croatian (Yugoslavia is the land of the South Slavs). The term ‘Kingdom of Yugoslavia’ was officially coined in 1928 and it remained until then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. For matters of simplicitly, in what follows I will refer to the ‘Kingdom of Yugoslavia’ to refer to the state even before 1928.
2. Results of census available in Myers and Campbell (Citation1954).
3. Committee of New States, R1700 League of Nations Archives (LNA), Geneva.
4. Art. 4,10, Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919), Allied Powers-Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
5. Art. 7, Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919), Allied Powers-Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
6. Dossier 10528, R 2166, LNA.
7. Memorandum presented to Erik Colban in 1930 by Hassan Prishtina, former president of the Albanian Council. R 2166; doc 19507, LNA.
8. Doc 19507, R 2166, LNA. This data was nonetheless based upon unofficial communications of Albanian associations.
9. Point XI, President Wilson’s Fourteen Points Speech to the US Congress, 8 January 1918, Record of the United States Senate (46), National Archives, College Park (USA)
10. Minutes of the 33rd Committee on New States (15th July 1919), S 336, LNA.
11. R2163, LNA.
12. They were granted 19 seats. For the complete results of the 1923 elections see: http://www.studiacroatica.org/jcs/01/0106.htm.
13. Letter from the Hungarian representative at the League adressed to Erik Colban recalling the events of 1923 and the Hungarian preoccupation of the matter. 16th April 1925. Doc 43 534, R 1698, LNA.
14. OSCE Paris Charter for a New Europe, Paris, 1990. Available at: http://www.internationaldemocracywatch.org/attachments/342_Paris%20summit%201990%20-%20Charter%20of%20Paris%20for%20a%20New%20Europe.pdf
15. Art. 1, 55, United Nations, Charter of the United Nations, 24 October 1945, 1 UNTS XVI, art. 1, 55; Art. 1, UN General Assembly, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16 December 1966, A/RES/2200
16. Following the Committee on the Constitution, Standing Orders and Political System of the Croatian Parliament. Narodne Novine no. 76/2010
17. Nardone Novine (1974). Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Croatia 8/74.
18. Narodne Novine (1990). Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. 56/90
19. Narodne Novine (1991). Croatian Citizenship Law, Art. 5, 6, 11, 16, 30 para.2. 53/91.
20. Narodne Novine (1991). Croatian Citizenship Law, Art. 18. 53/91.