Usability of smartphone apps as reading aids for low vision patients

Abstract

Purpose

Reading is one of the main complaints of low vision patients referred for visual rehabilitation, since it is fundamental for full participation in modern society. The purpose of this study was to analyse the usability of free smartphone apps with magnification tools as digital aids for reading visual rehabilitation in low vision patients.

Methods

Low vision adult patients were included regarding the following criteria: best-corrected visual acuity in the better-seeing eye from 0.6 to 1.3logMAR, previous habit of smartphone use, without former aid adaptation. Android system was used for the selection of three applications (apps) to be tested as digital reading aids. Visual acuity (VA) for near, reading acuity (RA) and reading speed (RS) using each app were measured. The participants were also asked about apps usability concerning accessibility, focus adjustment and text tracking.

Results

Seventeen participants (10 females – 58.8%) with ages ranging from 26 to 73 years (mean = 45.2 ± 13.1 years) were included. Mean binocular VA, RA and RS without the apps were respectively 1.00 ± 0.22 logMAR, 1.01 ± 0.28 logMAR and 41.7 ± 28.6 words/minute. Statistically better visual and RA results through the apps were found with a mean ≥9-line gain for both, and no significant difference for RS was found. All apps achieved good usability scores (means > 7).

Conclusions

All tested apps provided improvement in VA and reading performance, with proven usability. Free smartphone apps for magnification should be considered in reading rehabilitation programmes for low vision patients.

Implications for rehabilitation

• Reading is essential for performing productive daily activities and for full participation in modern society, being a clinical indicator of visual function and quality of life.

• Difficulty in reading is one of the main complaints of low vision patients referred for visual rehabilitation.

• Smartphone apps for magnification and readability optimization of printed texts may provide improvement in visual acuity and reading performance of low vision patients.

• Digital technologies should be considered in the low vision reading rehabilitation programme since they provide additional advantages such as accessibility, cost, portability and social acceptance.

• Usability is the user’s experience when interacting with a software application and associated with pleasantness, usefulness, ease of use, safety and efficiency. Low vision patient’s feedback on the usability of assistive technologies is important for a successful visual rehabilitation which meets his/her needs and expectations.

Keywords:

• Low vision
• rehabilitation
• reading
• smartphone
• digital inclusion

Acknowledgements

Approved by the following Research Ethics Committee: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (CAAE 49921015.2.0000.5505).

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.