A mutual-aid mechanism for supply chains with capital constraints

ABSTRACT

We consider a supply chain in which both the supplier and the distributor experience capital constraints. Due to the capital constraints, the supplier faces a capital deficit during the production period and the distributor faces a capital deficit during the sales period. Under the bank loan financing, we derive the optimal strategies for both the supplier and the distributor. Then we propose a mutual-aid mechanism under which the distributor provides an advance payment to the supplier during the production period, and the supplier offers a deferred payment trade credit to the distributor during the sales period. As the demand is uncertain, there is a bankruptcy risk with the distributor, which is taken into consideration in our model. We develop a Stackelberg game model and derive the optimal strategies under the mutual-aid mechanism. Our results indicate that the mutual-aid mechanism can improve the profits for both the supplier and the distributor, comparing to the bank loan financing case.

KEYWORDS:

• Supply chain
• mutual-aid mechanism
• advance payment
• deferred payment

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The research is supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China [Grant No. 17BGL236].