Alcohol-related emergency department admissions in an elderly population

Abstract

Objective: Alcohol abuse remains a major health concern. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of alcohol-related emergency department (ED) admissions in an elderly population.

Methods: Between 1 September 2013 and 31 August 2014, we retrospectively analyzed patient charts of patients admitted with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of at least 0.5 g/L to the EDs of all five hospitals in two distinct areas. We focused on the population ≥65 years, divided in three subgroups (65–74, 75–84 and ≥85, respectively) and compared them to the 55–64 year group.

Results: Of the 3918 included patients 645 (16.5%) were between 55 and 64, and 406 (10.4%) were ≥65 years (65–74: 267, 6.8%; 75–84: 128, 3.3%; ≥85: 11, 0.3%). The male-to-female ratio ranged between 2.1:1 and 2.7:1. BACs decreased with increasing age. In all age groups the majority of patients (71.0–77.8%) were transported by emergency medical services. The chief presenting complaint was trauma and its relative importance increased with age. Contextual factors consisted mostly of chronic abuse (43.1–57.8%). Most frequently patients could be discharged within 24 h, although hospital admission rates increased with age.

Conclusion: Our study shows that alcohol-related ED admissions in the elderly are common, but less frequent than in younger age groups. More (preferentially prospective) studies are needed to give more insight in the living environment, prescription medication, socioeconomic cost, etc. Nonetheless, it is clear that a national action plan should be developed to tackle the alcohol abuse problem in all age groups.

Keywords:

• Alcohol
• intoxication
• elderly
• geriatrics
• emergency department

Abbreviations:

• ASSIST: Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test
• BAC: blood alcohol concentration
• ED: emergency department
• EMS: emergency medical services
• MECU: mobile emergency care unit