Reclaiming Everyday Peace: Local Voices in Measurement and Evaluation after War

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Notes

1 The study is based on survey data from 2038 surveys conducted in four communities in Uganda and Colombia. The communities under comparison are similar demographically and have similar history of violence and displacement. They differ in the level of external intervention. In Colombia, El Salado received more external aid than Don Gabriel. In Uganda, Atiak was exposed to more interventions than Odek. (10–11)

2 Paul Gready and Simon Robins, ‘Transitional Justice and Theories of Change: Towards Evaluation as Understanding’ (2020) 14 International Journal of Transitional Justice 282.

3 Communities under comparison were asked to identify their own indicators of peace, which then were measured through longitudinal surveys. Firchow employed a matched case research design in four communities in Colombia and Uganda, supplemented by over one hundred interviews with community members in the villages, local and national elites in Colombia and Uganda, United Nations staff members in New York, and international peacebuilders working in the field of monitoring and evaluation in Washington, DC (10).

4 See e.g. Kirsten Ainley and others, Evaluating Transitional Justice: Accountability and Peacebuilding in Post-Conflict Sierra-Leone (Palgrave Macmillan 2015); Diana Chigas and others, Evaluating Impacts of Peacebuilding Interventions: Approaches and Methods, Challenges and Considerations (DFID 2014); Michael Bamberger, Introduction to Mixed Methods in Impact Evaluation (InterAction 2012).

5 See e.g. Adam Moore, Peacebuilding in Practice: Local Experience in Two Bosnian Towns (Cornell University Press 2013); Béatrice Pouligny, Peace Operations Seen from Below: UN Missions and Local People (Hurst 2006).

6 Uma Lele, The Design of Rural Development: Lessons from Africa (The John Hopkins University Press 1975) 150.

7 Ibid.

8 John M. Cohen and Norman T. Uphoff, ‘Participation's Place in Rural Development: Seeking Clarity Through Specificity’ (1980) 8 World Development 213.

9 See e.g. Giles Mohan and Kristian Stokke, ‘Participatory Development and Empowerment: The Dangers of Localism’ (2000) 21 Third World Quarterly 247; Bill Cooke and Uma Kothari, Participation: The New Tyranny? (Zed Books 2001); Anja Nygren, ‘Local Knowledge in the Environment-Development Discourse: From Dichotomies to Situated Knowledges’ (1999) 19 Critique of Anthropology 267.