Correlates of Anxiety among Adults with Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Literature Review

ABSTRACT

Introduction

The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on the correlates and risk factors of anxiety among adults with ID.

Methods

Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted across six major electronic databases. From an initial screening of 844 records, 13 studies were included for full-text review. Factors associated with anxiety were categorized utilizing the biopsychosocial model. Methodological quality was evaluated.

Results

Correlates of anxiety were identified at all levels of the biopsychosocial model, including psychological or psychiatric diagnoses, level of ID, gender, chronic health conditions, stressful life events, and social interactions. Modifiable correlates were discussed as potential targets for designing anxiety interventions for adults with ID.

Conclusion

Despite the increased recognition of the mental health needs of individuals with ID in recent years, this review highlighted a dearth of research investigating the risk factors of anxiety among this population.

KEYWORDS:

• Intellectual disability
• anxiety
• stress
• risk factor
• correlate

Acknowledgments

The authors’ time was partially supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education (H325H190001). However, the contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the federal government.

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Office of Special Education Programs, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services [H325H190001].