Biogenic amines and volatile N-nitrosamines in Chinese smoked-cured bacon (Larou) from industrial and artisanal origins

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to compare biogenic amines (BAs), volatile N-nitrosamines (VNAs) and chemical properties of Chinese smoked-cured bacon (Larou) from industrial and artisanal sources. The results indicated that nitrite residues were low in artisanal Larou, whereas the salt content was relatively high in all samples. The family-made Larou accumulated high levels of BAs and probably present a health risk. Additionally, phenylethylamine exceeded 30 mg/kg in 4 out of 5 industrial Larou samples, whereas, 9 VNAs concentrations were low and unlikely to induce adverse health effects on consumers. Principal component analysis revealed that the industrial Larou products had similar safety properties in terms of BAs and VNAs content when compared to the family-made samples. Correlation analysis indicated that BAs and VNAs were significantly correlated with free amino acids, a_w, pH and NaCl, respectively. This study suggests that the quality of Larou needs to be further improved by reducing salt and BAs content.

KEYWORDS:

• Biogenic amines
• volatile N-nitrosamines
• smoked-cured bacon
• industrial origin
• artisanal source

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-35).