Simple validated method for simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and their 3-β-D-glucosides in baby formula and Korean rice wine via HPLC-UV with immunoaffinity cleanup

ABSTRACT

A simple and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of major type B trichothecene mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV), along with their 3-β-d-glucosides (DON-3-glucoside (DON3G) and NIV-3-glucoside (NIV3G)) in baby formula and Korean rice wine was validated in the present study. The method was based on immunoaffinity cleanup followed by analysis using an HPLC-UV technique. The method was validated in-house for two matrices as follows: linearity (R² > 0.99) was established in the range of 20–1000 μg kg^–1; accuracy (expressed as recovery) ranged from 78.7 to 106.5% for all the analytes; good intermediate precision (relative standard deviation < 12%), and adequate detection and quantitation limits (< 4.4 and < 13.3 μg kg^–1, respectively) were achieved. Furthermore, the estimated measurement expanded uncertainty was determined to be 4–24%. The validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of 31 baby formulas and Korean rice wines marketed in Korea.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• Baby formula
• deoxynivalenol
• deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside
• nivalenol
• nivalenol-3-glucoside
• rice wine
• simultaneous determination

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation in 2017 [17162KFDA016], and by the Chung-Ang University Graduate Research Scholarship in 2017, Republic of Korea. We thank Franz Berthiller from the Center for Analytical Chemistry at the Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), BOKU. We further thank the Vienna Science and Technology Fund for financial support through grant WWTF LS12-021 given to Gerhard Adam.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Supplementary data

Supplementary data for this article can be accesed on the publisher’s website.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund [WWTF LS12-021];Chung-Ang University Graduate Research Scholarship [2017];National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation [17162KFDA016];