Notes
1 A concentrated effort by government censors has emerged as of late to eliminate references on the internet to the “anti-three trends” (fansanhua) campaign combating Saudization, Arabization, and (expanding) “Halalification”. However, official statements confirming the existence of this campaign can still be found on pro-Beijing newspapers like the Hong Kong-based Da Gongbao. See, for example: “Guojia zongjiao jusizhang: jishi zhizhi dazhe ‘qing zhen’ mouli, kuoda zuqun bianji xianxiang” [Secretary of the State Administration for Religious Affairs: Promptly Halt ‘Halal’ Profiteering, the Expansion of the Phenomenon of Ethic Marginality Should be Halted and Rectified in a Timely Manner], Ta Kungpao, 19 January 2017, http://news.takungpao.com.hk/mainland/focus/2017-01/3415025.