398
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Accessing spatial knowledge networks with maps

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 102-117 | Received 05 Jul 2021, Accepted 23 Aug 2021, Published online: 06 Sep 2021
 

ABSTRACT

Currently, knowledge networks develop to establish common data spaces. A common data-space offers mutual exchange and reusability for data sources and their derived information and provides access to structured knowledge and even creates wisdom. The geospatial domain becomes included in those knowledge networks and, therefore, creates spatial knowledge networks. ‘Geospatial’ is moving from a special expert domain to a ‘normal’ common data source that is processed for specific data science use cases. Maps with their different levels of abstraction according to its transmission task may offer (1) strategies to enhance processing performance, due to its abstraction, (2) persistent references of map features throughout different scales (abstractions) and (3) improvement of the transmission of spatial information, which includes the transmission interfaces as well as geo-communication. This paper tries to identify new functions for maps in new developing application areas. For example, a ‘universal semantic structure of topographic content’ could help to establish relations/links across domains that only have their own feature keys. We try to set the scene of cartography in a common data-space and highlight some requirements in the world of spatial knowledge networks, which are needed for automatization, machine learning and AI. According to Gordon and de Souza location matters: ‘Mapping is not simply a mode of visualisation, but a “central organizational device for networked communications”, an adaptive interface through which users can access, alter and deploy an expansive database of information, and a platform to socialize spatial information through collective editing, annotations, discussion, etc.’ [Gordon, E., & de Souza e Silva, A. (2011). Net locality: Why location matters in a networked world. John Wiley & Sons, p. 28].

RÉSUMÉ

Actuellement les réseaux de connaissances se développent pour établir des espaces de données communs. Un espace de données commun propose l'échange mutuel et la réutilisation de sources de données, leurs informations dérivées, donne accès à des données structurées et crée même de la sagesse. Le domaine géospatial devient inclus dans ces réseaux de connaissances et donc crée des réseaux de connaissances spatiales. Le ‘Géospatial' est en train de se déplacer d'un domaine réservé aux experts à une source de données normale qui est traitée pour des cas d'utilisation spécifiques en science des données. Les cartes, avec leur différent niveau d'abstraction en fonction de la tâche de transmission, offrent 1/ des stratégies pour améliorer la performance du traitement, en raison de leur abstraction, 2/ des références pérennes aux objets cartographiés aux différentes échelles (abstractions) et 3/ l'amélioration de la transmission de l'information spatiale, qui inclue la transmission des interfaces ainsi que la géo-communication. Ce papier essaye d'identifier les nouvelles fonctions des cartes dans les nouveaux domaines d'application en développement. Par exemple une ‘structure sémantique universelle pour le contenu topographique’ peut aider à établir des relations et des liens parmi les domaines qui ont leur propre clé. Nous essayons de planter le décor de la cartographie dans un espace de données commun et de mettre en évidence certaines exigences dans le monde des réseaux de connaissances spatiales, nécessaires à l'automatisation, à l'apprentissage automatique et à l'IA. Selon Gordon et de Souza, la localisation est importante : « La cartographie n'est pas simplement un mode de visualisation, mais un « dispositif organisationnel central pour les communications en réseau », une interface adaptative à travers laquelle les utilisateurs peuvent accéder, modifier et déployer une vaste base de données d'information, et une plate-forme pour socialiser l'information spatiale à travers l'édition collective, les annotations, la discussion, etc. » [Gordon, E., & de Souza e Silva, A. (2011). Net locality: Why location matters in a networked world. John Wiley & Sons, p. 28].

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Markus Jobst

Markus Jobst is technically coordinating the INSPIRE directive at the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying and providing lectures on cartographic interfaces, geospatial data infrastructures and spatial data engineering at the Vienna University of Technology in Vienna, Graz University of Technology and Hasso Plattner Institute in Potsdam. He finished his PhD in 2008 with the focus on semiotics in 3D maps at the Vienna University of Technology. The main focus of Markus Jobst in scientific work is the communication of spatial related data, cartographic heritage, spatial data infrastructures (SDI's), geospatial knowledge networks and the management of geospatial processes in Service-Oriented Mapping.

Georg Gartner

Georg Gartner is a Full Professor for Cartography at the Vienna University of Technology. He holds graduate qualifications in Geography and Cartography from the University of Vienna and received his Ph.D. and his Habilitation from the Vienna University of Technology. He was awarded a Fulbright grant to the USA and several research visiting fellowships. He was Dean for Academic Affairs for Geodesy and Geoinformation at Vienna University of Technology. He is Editor of the Book Series ‘Lecture Notes on Geoinformation and Cartography' by Springer and Editor of the ‘Journal on LBS’ by Taylor & Francis.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access

  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 61.00 Add to cart

Issue Purchase

  • 30 days online access to complete issue
  • Article PDFs can be downloaded
  • Article PDFs can be printed
USD 487.00 Add to cart

* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.