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Articles

The Omega Affair: Discontinuing the University of Michigan Department of Geography (1975–1982)

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Pages 364-384 | Received 22 Sep 2019, Accepted 17 Mar 2020, Published online: 06 Aug 2020
 

Abstract

The University of Michigan Department of Geography was discontinued in 1982, after a grueling review process that saw the discipline’s necessity very publicly called into question. Despite the fact that Michigan’s department was central to most of twentieth-century academic geography’s major intellectual movements, it was also the first in a series of major department closures in the early to mid-1980s. With the exception of the well-known case at Harvard, these events have gone largely unexamined. When austerity arrived following a decade of disinvestment, administrators raised this question: Which disciplines were least essential to the university? We find that many at Michigan had been prepared to answer “geography” since at least the mid-1970s. This answer was at the ready for reasons that had a great deal to do with the department’s self-defense (and its misalignment with its actual practices). We draw on oral histories and archival research at the University of Michigan’s Bentley Historical Library to trace the events surrounding the closure. We see this study as the first in a series of necessary histories that begin from the discipline’s deinstitutionalization rather than its growth and development, what we call breakdown historiography.

1982年,经过严格的审查,认为地理学科的必要性存在很大问题,美国密歇根大学决定关闭其地理系。尽管在20世纪地理学重大学术进展中,起到了核心的推动作用,密歇根大学地理系也是发生在1980年代早期至中期地理系关闭大潮中的第一个。除了广为人知的哈佛大学地理系外,其它地理系的关闭都没有得到充分的审视。10年的经费压缩导致了大学的收缩,大学管理者提出一个问题:哪个学科对大学最不重要?我们发现在密歇根大学,至少从1970年代中期开始很多人都已经准备好了答案:地理系。这个答案很大程度上与地理系的自我保护(及其与其实际行动的不一致)有关。基于口述历史和在密歇根大学Bentley历史档案馆的档案研究,我们追踪了围绕地理系关闭的事件。我们认为,研究学科的去院校化而不是学科的发展(本文称之为分解历史地理学),本文是历史上的首创。

El Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad de Michigan fue descontinuado en 1982, luego de un penoso proceso de revisión que cuestionó la necesidad de la disciplina de manera muy pública. Pese al hecho de que el departamento de Michigan ocupó una posición central en la mayor parte de los principales movimientos intelectuales de la geografía académica del siglo XX, fue también este el primero de una serie de cierres departamentales importantes, desde principios hasta mediados de los años 1980. Con la excepción del caso bien conocido de Harvard, estos eventos han pasado en gran medida desapercibidos. Al llegar la austeridad después de una década de desinversión, los administradores formularon la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles disciplinas son las menos esenciales para la universidad? Descubrimos que, por lo menos desde mediados de los 1970, en Michigan habían estado preparados para responder “geografía”. Esta respuesta ya estaba lista por razones que tienen mucho que ver con la autodefensa del departamento (y con su desalineación con sus prácticas reales). Nos basamos en historias orales e investigación de archivos de la Biblioteca Histórica Bentley de la Universidad de Michigan para rastrear los eventos asociados con la clausura. Nosotros vemos este estudio como el primero de una serie de historias necesarias, que empiezan con la desinstitucionalización de la disciplina más que con su crecimiento y desarrollo, a lo cual denominados historiografía del colapso.

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Notes on contributors

Eric Robsky Huntley

ERIC ROBSKY HUNTLEY is a Lecturer in Urban Science and Planning in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139. E-mail: [email protected]. He is a critical GIScientist and urban planner whose research examines cartographic aesthetics in the environmental design and planning disciplines.

Matthew Rosenblum

MATTHEW ROSENBLUM is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Geography at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506. E-mail: [email protected]. He is a political geographer whose research examines the production of race and Jewish difference in the history of geographic thought.

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