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Modern Rheumatology Case Reports Volume 4, 2020 - Issue 1
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Case Reports

Erosive polyarthritis caused by sepsis due to a novel species of Streptobacillus notomytis

Takeshi KusudaDepartment of Rheumatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; ;Department of Rheumatology, Nissan Tamagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Correspondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-0586
ORCID Icon,
Asami RyokoSection of Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
,
Masuda YoshishigeDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
,
Masashi TanakaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
,
Atsushi YoshidaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;
,
Ken KikuchiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;
&
Takahiko SugiharaDepartment of Rheumatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; ;Department of Lifetime Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; ;Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Pages 95-98 | Received 16 May 2019, Accepted 08 Aug 2019, Published online: 05 Sep 2019
 
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Abstract

Rat-bite fever (RBF) is characterized by fever, rash and arthritis, mainly caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. We present a case of inflammatory erosive polyarthritis with sepsis caused by Streptobacillus notomytis, a novel species isolated from S. moniliformis. A 67-year-old man presented with fever, purpura and peripheral arthritis. After blood cultures were performed, loxoprofen administration was initiated. Arthritis partially improved, but left first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthritis persisted. A gram-negative rod was detected in the blood culture, and meropenem administration was started that improved arthritis. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed bone erosion in the left first MTP joint, leading to the diagnosis of septic arthritis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that this strain was S. notomytis. Further questioning revealed the patient may have had contact with rats. It is essential to consider Streptobacillus infection in the differential diagnosis of erosive polyarthritis.

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