The Epigenetic Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences Through the Lens of Personalized Medicine

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Author Contributions

S Levy made a substantial contribution to the conception of the article and acquisition of research related to the topic. J Muench and S Levy analyzed and interpreted the data, drafted and revised the intellectual content, provided final approval of the version to be published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the following individuals for their review of the manuscript and suggestions: L Carbone, Director of Epigenetics Consortium, Oregon Health and Science University, and A Graham, Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University.

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.