Survival Nomogram for Patients with Upper Tract Recurrence After Resection for Localized Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Abstract

Aim: To develop a survival nomogram for patients with upper tract recurrence (UTR) after resection for localized bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC). Methods: The data of 361 patients with UTR after resection for BUC registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were retrospectively analyzed. The nomogram was established using the Fine and Gray method and its predictive accuracy was assessed using the concordance index. The nomogram was calibrated by comparing the predicted and actual survival. Results: The concordance index of the nomogram was 0.746 (95% CI: 0.733–0.759). Excellent agreement was observed between the predicted and actual survival in all calibration plots. Conclusion: This study describes the first survival nomogram for patients experienced UTR after resection for BUC.

Keywords::

• bladder carcinoma
• nomogram
• SEER
• survival
• upper tract recurrence

Author contributions

J Yuan, G Hou, W Zheng, L Zhang and F Wang developed the study design, carried out statistical analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. W Zhang, Y Zheng, M Gao, G Hou, F Yan and D Wei collected the statistics and prepared the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the SEER database.

Financial & competing interests disclosure

This work was supported by the Boost Program Research Project of Xijing Hospital (no. XJZT13Z05). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Ethical conduct of research

All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its relevant amendments. Because bladder urothelial carcinoma and upper tract urothelial carcinoma are diseases recorded in each US state and the data of patients registered in the SEER database are anonymized, ethical approval and informed consent from patients were not required.

Data sharing statement

The authors certify that this article reports the secondary analysis of clinical trial data that have been shared with them and that the use of this shared data is in accordance with the terms (if any) agreed upon receipt. The authors were permitted Internet access to the database (username: 10646-Nov2018) after a signed data use agreement was approved by the SEER administration (http://seer.cancer.gov/data/sample-dua.html).

Availability of data & materials

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the SEER database (http://seer.cancer.gov/data/sample-dua.html).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Boost Program Research Project of Xijing Hospital (no. XJZT13Z05). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.