Abstract
Aim: To develop and evaluate chitosan–maleic acid conjugate. Methods: Maleic anhydride was attached to chitosan backbone via amide bond formation resulting in chitosan–maleic acid. After characterization of the product via 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid assay, examination of mucoadhesion assessment was carried out. Results: The conjugate presented 44.91% modification and no toxicity could be observed after 1 day of incubation. Mucoadhesive properties exhibited 40.97-fold, 13.31-fold and 9.07-fold increase in elastic modulus, dynamic viscosity and viscous modulus, respectively. Moreover, detachment time was increased in 44.44-fold. Conclusion: Chitosan–maleic acid demonstrated enhanced in mucoadhesive properties resulting in biocompatibility. Therefore, potent candidates as polymeric excipients for oral drug delivery could be developed over corresponding chitosan.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
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